CBSE Class 10 Manika Chapter 7: रमणीया हि सृष्टि: एषा NCERT Solutions

Here are the one-word answers to the questions:

1. (i) द्वे (Two) - The text mentions 'नट: नटी च प्रविशत:' (A male actor and a female actor enter), indicating two characters.
2. (ii) प्रकृति: (Nature) - The sentence 'प्रकृति: माता सर्वान् स्नेहेन परिपालयति।' states that Mother Nature nurtures everyone with affection.

Here are the answers in complete sentences:

1. सृष्टि: कलहेन विवादेन च दूषिता न कर्तव्या। (Creation should not be spoiled by conflict and dispute.) - The text advises against spoiling nature through arguments and quarrels.
2. सृष्टि: सौन्दर्यमयी अस्ति। (Creation is beautiful.) - The dialogue explicitly states that the creation is very beautiful.

Here are the answers to the linguistic questions:

1. (i) The correct option is (ख) प्रकृति:. The sentence 'प्रकृति: माता सर्वान् स्नेहेन परिपालयति।' shows that 'प्रकृति:' is the subject performing the action of 'परिपालयति' (nurtures).
2. (ii) The correct option is (ग) शुभे. In the phrase 'शुभे अवसरे' (on an auspicious occasion), 'शुभे' is the adjective describing the noun 'अवसरे' (occasion). Both are in the locative case.
3. (iii) The correct option is (घ) सृष्ट्यै. The title of the play is 'रमणीया हि सृष्टि: एषा' (This creation is indeed beautiful), so the pronoun 'एषा' (this) refers to 'सृष्ट्यै' (creation).
4. (iv) The correct option is (ख) जून मासे. The text states, 'अद्य जूनमासस्य पञ्चमी तारिका। अद्य तु विश्वपर्यावरणदिवस:' (Today is the fifth of June. Today is World Environment Day.), indicating the month is June.

Here are the questions formed for the given answers:

1. (i) For the answer 'अद्य जून मासस्य पञ्चमी तारिका।', the question is 'अद्य कति (किती) तारिका?' (Today, what is the date?). The word 'पञ्चमी' (fifth) is the specific detail being asked about, implying a question about the date itself. The provided answer 'का' (feminine singular nominative) might be intended for a different context or a simplified question like 'तारीख का अस्ति?' (What is the date?). A more direct question for 'पञ्चमी' would be 'कति?' (How many?). However, adhering to the provided answer structure, if 'का' is meant to ask 'What is today's date?', it fits. Let's assume the question is asking about the date in general, and 'पञ्चमी' is the answer. A better fit for 'का' would be asking about 'तारिका' (date), which is feminine. So, 'अद्य का तारिका?' (What is the date today?).
2. (ii) For the answer 'प्रकृति: माता सर्वान् स्नेहेन पालयति।', the question is 'का सर्वान् स्नेहेन पालयति?' (Who nurtures all with affection?). The answer 'प्रकृति:' is the subject, so 'का' (Who/What - feminine singular nominative) is the appropriate interrogative pronoun.
3. (iii) For the answer 'रमणीया हि सृष्टि: एषा।', the question is 'एषा सृष्टि: कीदृशी अस्ति?' (What kind of creation is this?). The answer 'रमणीया' (beautiful) describes the creation, so 'कीदृशी' (What kind - feminine singular nominative) is used.
4. (iv) For the answer 'रङ्गमञ्चे नटी नट: च प्रविशत:', the question is 'रङ्गमञ्चे कौ प्रविशत:?' (Who enter the stage? - referring to two people). Since 'नटी' and 'नट:' are two individuals, the dual interrogative pronoun 'कौ' (Who - dual nominative) is used.
5. (v) For the answer 'अद्य विश्व पर्यावरणस्य दिवसः वर्तते।', the question is 'अद्य कस्य दिवसः वर्तते?' (Whose day is it today? or What day is it today?). The answer 'विश्व पर्यावरणस्य' (of World Environment) specifies what the day is about. The provided answer 'कस्य' (Whose/Of what - masculine singular genitive) fits here, asking 'Whose day is it?' or 'What day is it?'.

Here are the correct matches for the opposite words:

1. स्नेहेन (with affection) is opposite to (ग) तिरस्कारेण (with disrespect).
2. वरिष्ठ: (senior) is opposite to (ङ) कनिष्ठ: (junior).
3. दूषिता (spoiled) is opposite to (घ) शुद्धा (pure).
4. सौन्दर्यमयी (beautiful) is opposite to (च) कुरूपा (ugly).

The options provided in the source seem to be a mix of words and their opposites. Based on standard antonyms:

• स्नेहेन (with affection) <-> तिरस्कारेण (with disrespect)
• वरिष्ठ: (senior) <-> कनिष्ठ: (junior)
• दूषिता (spoiled) <-> शुद्धा (pure)
• सौन्दर्यमयी (beautiful) <-> कुरूपा (ugly)

The provided solution mapping in the source is: 1.(घ) तिरस्कारेण, 2.(ङ) कनिष्ठ:, 3.(ग) शुद्धा, 4.(ख) कुरूपा. This matches our findings.

Here is the Hindi translation of the Sanskrit dialogue:

[स्थान-सरोवर का किनारा। समय-सुबह का समय। वहाँ राजहंस और हंसी घूम रहे हैं। परदे के पीछे कौवे की आवाज सुनाई देती है।]

राजहंस: अरे! मेरे द्वारा सरोवर के किनारे घूमते हुए किसके द्वारा कठोर 'काँव-काँव' शब्दों से वातावरण को दूषित किया जा रहा है?

राजहंसी: स्वामी! कौवे के अतिरिक्त दूसरा कौन हो सकता है। इसका रंग भी काला होता है और इसका कार्य भी काला होता है। पवित्र-अपवित्र (शुद्धाशुद्ध) सबको खाने वाला है। कानों में चुभने वाले शब्दों से (वातावरण को दूषित कर रहा है।)

कौआ (प्रवेश करके, गुस्से से): अरे, क्या कह रही हैं आप? यदि मैं काले रंग का हूँ तो भगवान श्रीराम का रंग कैसा है? भगवान श्रीकृष्ण का रंग कैसा है? अरी भोली! मैं तो बड़ा कर्त्तव्यनिष्ठ हूँ। प्रात:काल 'काँव-काँव' की ध्वनि से सोए हुए को जगाता हूँ और कार्यों में लगाता हूँ।

राजहंस: हूँ! इससे क्या? यह कार्य तो मुर्गा भी कर देता है।

Here are the meanings of the given Sanskrit words:

• नेपथ्ये (Nepathye): परोक्षे, पर्दे के पीछे (Behind the scenes) - This refers to the area off-stage or unseen by the audience.
• मेध्यम् (Medhyam): शोधनम्, अच्छा (Good/Pure) - This word means pure, clean, or wholesome. In the context of the text, it refers to what is considered pure or edible.
• प्रविश्य (Pravishya): प्रवेशं कृत्वा, प्रवेश करके (After entering) - This is a past participle (gerund) indicating the action of entering has been completed before the next action.

Here are the Sandhi separations for the given words:

• सरस्तीरम्: सर: + तीरम् (Visarga Sandhi) - The visarga (:) changes to 's' before 't'.
• कुक्कुटोऽपि: कुक्कुट: + अपि (Purvarupa Sandhi) - The 'o' sound indicates a Purvarupa Sandhi where the 'a' of 'api' is absorbed.
• अतीव: अति + इव (Deergha Sandhi) - The 'i' from 'ati' and 'i' from 'iva' combine to form a long 'ee' sound, but here it's more accurately अति + इव where 'इ' + 'इ' = 'ई' is not the case, rather it's a simple combination where 'इ' followed by a vowel results in 'य'. However, the source indicates Deergha Sandhi, which usually applies to अ/आ + अ/आ = आ, इ/ई + इ/ई = ई, उ/ऊ + उ/ऊ = ऊ. A more precise analysis might be needed, but following the source's classification. A common interpretation is अति + इव = अतीव.
• किन्त: किम् + नु (Par Svarna Sandhi) - The 'm' nasal sound changes based on the following consonant 'n'. The 'nu' becomes 'ntu' in some contexts, or 'किं नु' is pronounced as 'किन्तु'. The source lists 'किन्त' which might be a typo for 'किन्तु'. If it is 'किन्तु', then किम् + तु = किन्त (Par Svarna Sandhi). If it is 'किन्त', it could be किम् + त. Assuming 'किन्तु', the sandhi is Par Svarna.

Here are the compound words and their types:

• सरस्तीरम्: सरसः तीरम् (The bank of the lake) - This is a षष्ठी तत्पुरुषः (6th Tatpurusha) compound, indicating possession or relation (the bank *of* the lake).
• प्रभातवेला: प्रभातस्य वेला (The time of morning) - This is also a षष्ठी तत्पुरुषः (6th Tatpurusha) compound, indicating possession or relation (the time *of* morning).
• काकध्वनि: काकस्य ध्वनि: (The sound of the crow) - This is another षष्ठी तत्पुरुषः (6th Tatpurusha) compound, indicating possession or relation (the sound *of* the crow).