CBSE Class 10 Manika Chapter 6: साधुवृत्ति समाचरेत् NCERT Solutions

Here are the answers to the questions based on the provided Sanskrit text:

(I) एकपदेन उत्तरत (Answer in one word):

1. कुमारस्य नाम प्रच्छन्नभाग्यः आसीत्। (The prince's name was Prachchhannabhagya.)
2. दुष्टबुद्धिना धनहरणार्थम् ग्रामान्तरं प्रस्थितः। (Dushtabuddhi proceeded to another village for the purpose of stealing wealth.)

(II) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत (Answer in a complete sentence):

1. प्रच्छन्नभाग्यः कुमारः बाल्ये वयसि विद्यापराङ्मुखः सन् केनचित् दुष्टबुद्धिनाम्ना चौरेण सह चौर्यकर्मणि निरतः सञ्जातः। (The prince Prachchhannabhagya, being averse to studies in his childhood, became engaged in the act of theft with a thief named Dushtabuddhi.)
2. तौ (प्रच्छन्नभाग्यः कुमारः दुष्टबुद्धिना च) कस्यचित् श्रेष्ठिनः गेहे धनहरणार्थं ग्रामान्तरं प्रस्थितौ। (Both of them (the prince Prachchhannabhagya and Dushtabuddhi) proceeded to another village to steal wealth from the house of a certain merchant.)

(III) भाषिककार्यम् (Linguistic Work):

1. 'एकस्मिन् समये' (at one time) इति अर्थे अत्र (ख) एकदा अव्ययपदं प्रयुक्तम्। (The adverb used here with the meaning 'at one time' is 'ekada'.)
2. 'सञ्जात:' (sanjata - happened/born) इति पदे मूलधातुः (क) जन् (jan) अस्ति। (The root verb in the word 'sanjata' is 'jan'.)
3. 'शैशवावस्थायाम्' (in childhood) इति अर्थे अत्र (घ) बाल्ये वयसि पदे प्रयुक्ते। (The phrase used here with the meaning 'in childhood' is 'balye vayasi'.)
4. 'बाल्ये वयसि' इति अनयो: पदयो: विशेषणपदं (घ) बाल्य: अस्ति। (The adjective for the words 'balye vayasi' is 'balya'. Note: While 'बाल्ये' is the locative case, 'बाल्य' is the noun stem related to childhood, functioning adjectivally here in context.)
5. 'श्रेष्ठिन:' (shreshthin - merchant) इति पदे (क) इन् (in) प्रत्ययः अस्ति। (The suffix in the word 'shreshthin' is 'in'.)

The passage describes an interaction between two travelers and some children playing on a difficult path.

Explanation of the passage:

व्रजन्तौ तौ... अवदताम् (While going, they both said): As the two travelers (Prachchhannabhagya and Dushtabuddhi) were proceeding, they saw some children playing on a path full of potholes (गर्तसंकुले मार्गे). They addressed the children, saying:

भो, भो बालकाः! कथमत्र नतोन्नते विषमे मार्गे क्रीडथ? (O, O children! How are you playing on this uneven and difficult path here?) The travelers questioned the children about their playing on such a hazardous road, which was neither flat nor smooth (नतोन्नते विषमे मार्गे).

यदि कश्चिद् गर्ते पतेत् तर्हि स विकलाङ्गो भूत्वा चिरं क्लेशम् अनुभवेत्। (If someone falls into a pothole, then becoming disabled, they will experience suffering for a long time.) They warned the children about the danger, explaining that falling into a pit could lead to permanent disability and prolonged suffering.

तच्छृत्वा तेषु कश्चित् उद्दण्डः बालकः उवाच (Hearing that, one naughty boy among them said): Upon hearing this warning, one of the mischievous or bold boys among the children responded:

अयि भो! यद्येवं तर्हि कथं भवन्तौ सुपथं परित्यज्यं अनेन कुपथेन गन्तुं प्रवृत्तौ? अपि इदम् श्रेयस्करम्? (Hey! If that is so, then why are you two (travelers) proceeding on this bad path, abandoning the good path? Is this beneficial?) The boy cleverly turned the travelers' concern back on them, questioning why they themselves were using the difficult path (कुपथ) instead of the easier, safer one (सुपथ), and asking if their choice was indeed beneficial (श्रेयस्करम्).

Key Vocabulary:

• व्रजन्तौ (Vrajantau): While going (dual form).
• गर्तसंकुले (Gartasankule): Full of potholes.
• प्रेक्ष्य (Prekṣya): Having seen.
• नतोन्नते (Natonnate): Uneven (literally, bent and high).
• विषमे (Viṣame): Difficult, uneven.
• विकलाङ्गः (Vikalāṅgaḥ): Disabled, handicapped.
• क्लेशम् (Kleśam): Suffering, pain.
• उद्दण्डः (Uddaṇḍaḥ): Naughty, impudent, bold.
• सुपथं (Supathaṁ): Good path.
• कुपथेन (Kupathena): By a bad path.
• श्रेयस्करम् (Śreyaskaram): Beneficial, auspicious.

Grammatical Notes:

• नतोन्नते (Natonnate): This is a Dvandva (dual) compound, meaning 'नतः च उन्नतश्च' (bent and high/uneven).
• विकलाङ्गः (Vikalāṅgaḥ): This is a Bahuvrihi compound, meaning 'विकलानि अङ्गानि यस्य सः' (one whose limbs are disabled).
• कुपथेन (Kupathena): This is a Karmadharaya compound, meaning 'कुत्सितेन पथेन' (by a bad path).
• Sandhi examples: 'कश्चिद्' (kaḥ + cit), 'तच्छृत्वा' (tat + śrutvā), 'यद्येवम्' (yadi + evam), 'श्रेयस्करम्' (śreyaḥ + karam).