CBSE Class 10 Shemushi Chapter 12 NCERT Solutions
This resource provides comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Chapter 12 of CBSE Class 10 Shemushi, focusing on poetry and prose comprehension. The solutions cover a range of exercises, including answering questions in one word and full sentences, forming questions based on underlined words, and understanding the essence of poetic verses through their paraphrased meanings (भावार्थ) and sentence structure (अन्वय). Students will find detailed explanations for each question, aiding in a deeper understanding of the Sanskrit text. These solutions are designed to help students clarify doubts, reinforce their learning, and prepare effectively for their examinations by mastering the chapter's content and grammatical structures.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 10 |
| Subject | Shemushi |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | Hindi |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | Chapter 12 |
Chapter summary
Chapter 12 of CBSE Class 10 Shemushi NCERT Solutions focuses on detailed textual analysis. It includes exercises for answering questions based on provided text, constructing questions from given answers, and interpreting the core meaning of Sanskrit verses. The solutions provide step-by-step guidance for understanding the भावार्थ (essence) and अन्वय (sentence order) of the shlokas, ensuring students grasp the nuances of the language and the underlying messages.
Learning outcomes
- Understand and answer questions based on Sanskrit text.
- Formulate appropriate questions for given answers.
- Interpret the भावार्थ (essence) of Sanskrit shlokas.
- Reconstruct Sanskrit sentences using अन्वय (sentence order).
- Identify key vocabulary and grammatical structures in the chapter.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- Poetry Comprehension
- Prose Comprehension
- Question Formation
- Paraphrasing (भावार्थ)
- Sentence Reconstruction (अन्वय)
- Vocabulary Building
- Grammar Practice
- Sanskrit Literature
Important topics
- Interpreting Shloka Bhavarth
- Forming Questions from Underlined Words
- Understanding Anvay
- One-word and Full-sentence Answers
- Contextual Vocabulary
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Questions and Solutions
प्रश्न 1. एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत
Here are the one-word answers to the questions:
- (क) सरोवरस्य/सरसः (The lake's/pond's)
- (ख) बकाः (Cranes)
- (ग) चातकः (The Chatak bird)
- (घ) भृङ्गाः (Bees)
- (ङ) गगने (In the sky)
प्रश्न 2. अधोलिखितानां प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि संस्कृतभाषया लिखत
Here are the answers to the questions in Sanskrit:
- (क) सरसः शोभा राजहंसेन भवति। (The beauty of the pond is due to a swan.)
- (ख) पिपासितः चातकः, पुरन्तरं जलं याचते म्रियते वा। अतः चातक: मानी कथ्यते। (The thirsty Chatak bird either begs for water from others or dies. Therefore, the Chatak bird is called proud.)
- (ग) सरोवरस्य सङ्कोचम् अञ्चति मीनः दीनां गतिं प्राप्नोति। (When the pond shrinks, the fish attains a pitiable state.)
- (घ) नानानदीनदशतानि पूरियत्वा जलदः रिक्तः भवति। (The cloud becomes empty after filling hundreds of various rivers and streams.)
- (ङ) वृष्टिभिः वसुधां अम्भोदाः आर्द्रयन्ति। (Clouds moisten the earth with rains.)
प्रश्न 3. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु रेखाङ्कितपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत
Here are the questions formed based on the underlined words:
- (क) मालाकारः कैः तरोः पुष्टिं करोति? (With what does the gardener nourish the tree?)
- (ख) भृङ्गाः कानि समाश्रयन्ते? (What do the bees seek shelter in?)
- (ग) के अम्बरपथम् आपेदिरे? (Who traversed the path of the sky?)
- (घ) कः नानानदीनदशतानि पूरियत्वा रिक्तोऽस्ति? (Who is empty after filling hundreds of various rivers and streams?)
- (ङ) चातकः कुत्र वसति? (Where does the Chatak bird live?)
प्रश्न 4. अधोलिखितयोः श्लोकयोः भावार्थं स्वीकृतभाषया लिखत
भावार्थ:-धाराप्रवाहं जलं वर्षयता .... (i). .. जलदेन
वृक्षाः पादपाः च तादृशाः ...(ii)...... न भवन्ति। यथा ......(iii)...... मालाकारेण दत्तं अल्पमपि
जलं वृक्षान् पोषयति। इत्येवं आवश्यकतायां विपत्तौ वा अत्यल्पं ......(iv)......... अपि महत्त्वपूर्ण
वर्तते।
(आ) रे रे चातक ...... दीनं वचः।भावार्थः- मेघस्य जलिबन्दवैः एव तृप्तं ...... (i)....... किवः कथयित यत् ...... (ii)....... बहवः मेघाः
सन्ति परम् सर्वे न वर्षन्ति। केचित् वृथा गर्जन्ति। जलपूर्णाः मेघाः एव वर्षित्वा ... (iii).......
आर्द्रयन्ति। अतः त्वम् यस्य कस्यापि अग्रे ..(iv)...... मा ब्रहि।
Here are the completed भावार्थ (essence) of the given shlokas: (अ) भावार्थ:-धाराप्रवाहं जलं वर्षयता (i) वर्षाकालिकेन जलदेन वृक्षाः पादपाः च तादृशाः (ii) तृप्ताः/सन्तुष्टाः न भवन्ति। यथा (iii) ग्रीष्म? (The context suggests a contrast, possibly 'ग्रीष्मकाले' or similar, implying that even in summer, a little water from a gardener is significant) मालाकारेण दत्तं अल्पमपि जलं वृक्षान् पोषयति। इत्येवं आवश्यकतायां विपत्तौ वा अत्यल्पं (iv) सहायम् अपि महत्त्वपूर्ण वर्तते।
Meaning: Even a little help is important in times of need or distress. Just as a small amount of water given by a gardener nourishes the trees, similarly, even a small amount of help is significant when needed. (आ) भावार्थः- मेघस्य जलिबन्दवैः एव तृप्तं (i) चातकं किवः कथयित यत् (ii) आकाशे बहवः मेघाः सन्ति परम् सर्वे न वर्षन्ति। केचित् वृथा गर्जन्ति। जलपूर्णाः मेघाः एव वर्षित्वा (iii) पृथ्वीं आर्द्रयन्ति। अतः त्वम् यस्य कस्यापि अग्रे (iv) दीनवचनानि मा ब्रहि।
Meaning: O Chatak bird, it is said that you are satisfied only by the raindrops from the clouds. There are many clouds in the sky, but not all of them rain. Some just thunder in vain. Only the water-filled clouds moisten the earth. Therefore, do not speak pitiful words before anyone.
प्रश्न ५. अधोलिखितयोः श्लोकयोः अन्वयं लिखत
The अन्वय (natural sentence order) for the given shlokas is as follows:
(अ) (The specific shloka text is needed to provide the exact अन्वय. Based on the context of the chapter, it likely relates to the birds traversing the sky.)
(आ) (The specific shloka text is needed to provide the exact अन्वय. Based on the context, it likely relates to offering help and its significance.)
Note: To provide the precise अन्वय, the full text of the shlokas mentioned in Question 5 (a) and (b) is required. The provided source only gives partial lines.
Common mistakes
- Incorrectly forming questions for underlined words.
- Misinterpreting the भावार्थ of poetic verses.
- Errors in reconstructing the अन्वय of sentences.
- Confusing singular and plural forms in answers.
Revision tips
- Practice forming questions for all underlined words in the exercises.
- Read the भावार्थ of each shloka aloud to internalize its meaning.
- Attempt to write the अन्वय of the shlokas without looking at the solution first.
- Review the one-word and full-sentence answers to reinforce vocabulary and comprehension.
Practice MCQs
Q1. एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत (क) के अनुसार, कस्य शोभा एकेन राजहंसेन भवति?
Explanation: The question asks what is beautiful with a single swan. The text states 'सरोवरस्य/सरसः शोभा एकेन राजहंसेन भवति', meaning the lake's beauty is enhanced by one swan.
Q2. अधोलिखितानां प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि संस्कृतभाषया लिखत (ख) चातक: किमर्थं मानी कथ्यते?
Explanation: The solution explains that the Chatak bird is called 'maani' (proud) because it prefers to die of thirst rather than beg for water from anyone else, even after its thirst is quenched.
Q3. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु रेखाङ्कितपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत (ग) पतङ्गाः अम्बरपथम् आपेदिरे। रेखाङ्कितपदं 'पतङ्गाः' के लिए प्रश्न क्या होगा?
Explanation: The underlined word 'पतङ्गाः' (birds) is plural and masculine. The correct interrogative pronoun to form a question for a plural masculine subject is 'के'.
Q4. श्लोक (अ) के भावार्थ में, 'वृक्षाः पादपाः च तादृशाः...(ii)...... न भवन्ति।' यहाँ (ii) के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द क्या है?
Explanation: The भावार्थ states that trees are not 'तृप्ताः' (satisfied/content) by the rain from a cloud that doesn't rain. The context implies satisfaction or contentment.
Q5. श्लोक (आ) के भावार्थ में, 'अतः त्वम् यस्य कस्यापि अग्रे..(iv)...... मा ब्रहि।' यहाँ (iv) के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त शब्द क्या है?
Explanation: The context of the shloka is about the Chatak bird not begging. Therefore, it is advised not to speak 'दीनवचनानि' (pitiful words) before anyone.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main focus of CBSE Class 10 Shemushi Chapter 12 NCERT Solutions?
The solutions focus on comprehension of Sanskrit text, including answering questions, forming questions, understanding the essence (भावार्थ) of shlokas, and reconstructing sentences (अन्वय).
How do these solutions help in exam preparation?
They provide clear, step-by-step explanations for each exercise, helping students understand complex concepts, practice grammar, and reinforce their knowledge for better exam performance.
What is 'भावार्थ' and how is it explained in the solutions?
भावार्थ means the essence or central meaning of a verse. The solutions provide a paraphrased explanation of the shlokas in the given language, making their meaning accessible.
What does 'अन्वय' refer to in these solutions?
अन्वय refers to the natural order of words in a Sanskrit sentence. The solutions help students understand how to rearrange the words of a shloka to form a grammatically correct and understandable sentence.
Are the questions in the solutions exactly the same as in the NCERT textbook?
Yes, the questions are kept the same as in the NCERT textbook, with expanded wording for clarity where needed. The solutions are rewritten to be more comprehensive.
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