CBSE Class 10 Shemushi Chapter 11: प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः सुहृद् NCERT Solutions

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This section provides detailed NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Shemushi, Chapter 11, titled 'प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः सुहृद्' (A Friend Dearer Than Life). The solutions cover a range of exercises designed to help students understand the chapter's core themes, including the importance of friendship, loyalty, and the ethical dilemmas faced by characters like Chandan Das. The exercises focus on vocabulary, grammar, and comprehension, with questions requiring single-word answers, full sentence responses in Sanskrit, and question formation based on given sentences. Additionally, students will practice identifying verbs, synonyms, antonyms, and conjunctions, as well as performing sandhi (word joining) and sandhi viched (word splitting). These solutions are crafted to offer clear, step-by-step explanations, aiding students in mastering the chapter's content and preparing effectively for their examinations.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 10
SubjectShemushi
Session2026
LanguageHindi
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 11

Chapter summary

Chapter 11, 'प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः सुहृद्', delves into the profound value of friendship, often placing it above one's own life. The NCERT Solutions for this chapter focus on reinforcing comprehension through various question formats. Students will practice answering single-word and full-sentence questions in Sanskrit, learn to construct questions from given statements, and identify grammatical elements like verbs, synonyms, and conjunctions. The exercises also include sandhi and sandhi viched, crucial for understanding Sanskrit word formation. These solutions aim to build a strong foundation in the chapter's narrative and linguistic aspects.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the concept of a friend being dearer than life.
  • Identify key characters and their relationships in the chapter.
  • Answer comprehension questions in Sanskrit based on the text.
  • Formulate questions in Sanskrit using appropriate interrogative words.
  • Identify and use grammatical elements like verbs, synonyms, and conjunctions.
  • Perform sandhi and sandhi viched for Sanskrit words.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Friendship and Loyalty
  • Character Analysis (Chandan Das, Chanakya, Amartya Rakshasa)
  • Sanskrit Comprehension
  • Single-word Answers
  • Full Sentence Answers in Sanskrit
  • Question Formation in Sanskrit
  • Grammatical Elements (Verb, Subject, Synonym, Antonym)
  • Sandhi and Sandhi Viched
  • Ethical Dilemmas
  • Literary Comparisons (Chandan Das and Shivi)

Important topics

  • The concept of friendship being dearer than life
  • Answering comprehension questions in Sanskrit
  • Forming questions in Sanskrit
  • Sandhi and Sandhi Viched
  • Identifying grammatical elements

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Questions and Solutions

प्रश्न 1. एकपदेन उत्तरं लिखत

1. Write the answer in one word:
  • (क) Who wishes to see Chandan Das?
  • (ख) What was the nature of Chandan Das's trade?
  • (ग) What causes concealment at night?
  • (घ) Whom does Chanakya wish to see?
  • (ङ) What becomes suspicious?
Solution:
  • (क) The person who wishes to see Chandan Das is Chanakya.
  • (ख) Chandan Das's trade was uninterrupted, meaning it continued smoothly without any disturbance.
  • (ग) Concealment at night is caused by the darkness or the cover of night itself.
  • (घ) Chanakya wishes to see Chandan Das.
  • (ङ) Excessive respect or showing too much deference can become suspicious.

प्रश्न 2. अधोलिखितप्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि संस्कृतभाषया लिखत

2. Write the answers to the following questions in the Sanskrit language:
  • (क) Whose family members did Chandan Das protect in his house?
  • (ख) With whom does grass have a conflict?
  • (ग) With whom is Chandan Das compared in this lesson?
  • (घ) For the pleased subjects, who desire reciprocal affection?
  • (ङ) By whose grace was Chandan Das's trade uninterrupted?
Solution:
  • (क) Chandan Das protected the family members of Amartya Rakshasa in his own house.
  • (ख) Grass has a conflict with fire.
  • (ग) In this lesson, Chandan Das is compared with King Shivi.
  • (घ) Kings desire reciprocal affection for the pleased subjects.
  • (ङ) By the grace of Arya (Chanakya), Chandan Das's trade remained uninterrupted.

प्रश्न 3. स्थूलाक्षरपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत

3. Form questions based on the bolded words:
  • (क) Who would do this difficult task without Shivi?
  • (ख) A friend dearer than life.
  • (ग) By Arya's grace, my trade is uninterrupted.
  • (घ) For the pleased subjects, kings desire reciprocal affection.
  • (ङ) Grass has a conflict with fire.
Solution:
  • (क) केन विना इदं दुष्करं कार्य कः कुर्यात्? (Without whom would this difficult task be done by whom?)
  • (ख) प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः कः? (Who is dearer than life?)
  • (ग) कस्य प्रसादेन में वणिज्या अखण्डिता? (By whose grace is my trade uninterrupted?)
  • (घ) प्रीताभ्यः प्रकृतिभ्यः के प्रतिप्रियमिच्छन्ति? (For the pleased subjects, who desire reciprocal affection?)
  • (ङ) केषाम् अग्निना सह विरोधो भवति? (With whom does the conflict with fire occur?)

प्रश्न 4. यथानिर्देशमुत्तरत

4. Answer as directed:
  • (क) In the sentence 'अखण्डिता में वणिज्या' (My trade is uninterrupted), what is the verb?
  • (ख) Previously 'अनृतम्' (falsehood), now it was so - in these contradictory statements, choose a synonym for 'अधुना' (now) from this sentence.
  • (ग) In the sentence 'आर्य! किं मे भयं दर्शयसि' (Arya! Why do you show me fear?), to whom is the word 'आर्य' used as a form of address?
  • (घ) In the sentence 'प्रीताभ्यः प्रकृतिभ्यः प्रतिप्रियमिच्छन्ति राजानः' (For the pleased subjects, kings desire reciprocal affection), what is the subject?
  • (ङ) In the sentence 'तस्मिन् समये आसीदस्मद्गृहे' (At that time, it was in our house), what is the noun (special word)?
Solution:
  • (क) The verb in the sentence 'अखण्डिता में वणिज्या' is 'अखण्डिता' (uninterrupted), functioning as the predicate adjective describing the state of the trade.
  • (ख) The synonym for 'अधुना' (now) in the context of the contradictory statements is 'इदानीम्' (now).
  • (ग) The term 'आर्य' is used as a form of address towards Chanakya.
  • (घ) The subject (कर्तृपदं) in the sentence 'प्रीताभ्यः प्रकृतिभ्यः प्रतिप्रियमिच्छन्ति राजानः' is 'राजानः' (kings).
  • (ङ) The noun (विशेष्यपदं) in the sentence 'तस्मिन् समये आसीदस्मद्गृहे' is 'समये' (time).

प्रश्न 5. निर्देशानुसारं सन्धिं/सन्धिविच्छेदं कुरुत

5. Perform sandhi (joining) / sandhi viched (splitting) as directed:
  • (क) As an example: कः + अपि = कोऽपि

Join the following: प्राणेभ्य: + अपि ..........................

Join the following: ...... अस्मि सज्जोऽस्मि। आत्मन: + आत्मनोऽधिकारसदृशम् ।

  • (ख) As an example: सत् + चित् = सच्चित्

Join the following: शरत् + चन्द्र: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Join the following: कदाचित् + च .......................

Solution:
  • (क) Joining 'प्राणेभ्यः' and 'अपि' results in 'प्राणेभ्योऽपि'.
  • (ख) Joining 'शरत्' and 'चन्द्रः' results in 'शरच्चन्द्रः'. Joining 'कदाचित्' and 'च' results in 'कदाचिच्च'.

Common mistakes

  • Incorrectly identifying the verb or subject in Sanskrit sentences.
  • Confusing synonyms or antonyms of Sanskrit words.
  • Errors in forming grammatically correct questions in Sanskrit.
  • Mistakes in applying sandhi rules for word joining or splitting.

Revision tips

  • Read the chapter 'प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः सुहृद्' thoroughly to grasp the narrative and character motivations.
  • Practice answering all question types, paying close attention to the Sanskrit grammar and vocabulary used.
  • Focus on the sandhi exercises to strengthen your understanding of word formation.
  • Review the identified verbs, synonyms, and conjunctions to enhance your linguistic skills.
  • Attempt to form your own questions based on the chapter's sentences to test your comprehension.

Practice MCQs

Q1. चाणक्यः कं द्रष्टुम् इच्छति?

Q2. चन्दनदासस्य वणिज्या कस्य प्रसादेन अखण्डिता आसीत्?

Q3. तृणानां केन सह विरोधः अस्ति?

Q4. पाठेऽस्मिन् चन्दनदासस्य तुलना केन सह कृता?

Q5. अस्मिन् वाक्ये 'अखण्डिता' इति पदं किम्?

Frequently asked questions

What is the main theme of Chapter 11, 'प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियः सुहृद्'?

The main theme of Chapter 11 is the profound value of friendship, illustrating how a true friend can be considered dearer than one's own life, often involving loyalty and sacrifice.

What types of questions are covered in these NCERT Solutions?

These solutions cover various question types including single-word answers, full-sentence answers in Sanskrit, question formation, identification of grammatical elements like verbs and synonyms, and sandhi/sandhi viched exercises.

How do these solutions help in exam preparation?

The solutions provide clear, rewritten answers to all exercises, helping students understand the chapter's content, practice Sanskrit grammar and vocabulary, and reinforce their learning for examinations.

What is the significance of the comparison made in the chapter?

The chapter often draws comparisons, such as that of Chandan Das with King Shivi, to highlight virtues like sacrifice, loyalty, and the immense value placed on friendship and duty.

Are the sandhi exercises important for Class 10 Shemushi?

Yes, sandhi (word joining) and sandhi viched (word splitting) are important grammatical concepts in Sanskrit, and practicing these exercises helps in understanding word formation and improving reading comprehension.

Important links

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