CBSE Class 5 Environmental Studies: A Shelter So High! NCERT Solutions

To travel from Mumbai to Kashmir, you would typically pass through the following states:

1. Maharashtra (Mumbai is in Maharashtra)
2. Gujarat
3. Rajasthan
4. Haryana
5. Punjab
6. Himachal Pradesh
7. Jammu and Kashmir (now divided into Union Territories, but historically the destination state)

This route covers a significant portion of northern India.

Gaurav Jani's journey from Mumbai to Delhi would involve passing through several states. Here are some of the likely states and their capital cities:

• Maharashtra: Capital is Mumbai.
• Gujarat: Capital is Gandhinagar.
• Rajasthan: Capital is Jaipur.
• Haryana: Capital is Chandigarh (which is also the capital of Punjab).

Besides these capital cities, other significant towns or cities on his route could include:

• Ahmedabad (Gujarat)
• Udaipur or Jodhpur (Rajasthan)
• Agra (Uttar Pradesh, if the route goes slightly differently towards Delhi)

The exact route can vary, but these are common major cities encountered.

Manali is a popular tourist destination located in the hilly area of the Himalayas. It is situated in the state of Himachal Pradesh.

Yes, I have stayed in a tent during a camping trip. For example, I stayed in a tent when I went camping in Kullu. It was a very exciting and adventurous experience. Sleeping in a tent felt different from sleeping in a regular house, closer to nature, with sounds of the surroundings being more audible.

If I had to stay alone in a small tent for two days, I would prioritize essential items for survival and comfort. Here is a list of ten things I would take:

1. Warm clothes (including a sweater)
2. A thick blanket
3. A torch with extra batteries
4. Packaged food (like biscuits, noodles, or ready-to-eat meals)
5. Sufficient drinking water
6. A portable stove and fuel (if cooking is necessary)
7. Mosquito repellent
8. A pair of sturdy shoes
9. A first-aid kit
10. A mobile phone (for emergencies)

This list focuses on safety, sustenance, and basic comfort.

I have observed various types of houses in different places, each suited to its environment and purpose. Some common types include:

• Thatched huts: These are often made with mud walls and roofs constructed from dry leaves, straw, or grass. They are common in rural areas.
• Pucca houses: These are more permanent structures built with bricks, cement, concrete, and steel. They are typically found in towns and cities.
• Stilt houses: Houses built on tall stilts, often made of bamboo, are common in areas prone to flooding or with uneven terrain. They keep the living space elevated above the ground.
• Apartments/Multi-storey buildings: These are common in urban areas, housing many families in separate units within a single large structure.
• Houseboats: Found in places like Kashmir, these are houses built on boats that float on water.

Each type of house has unique features that make it suitable for its location and the lifestyle of its inhabitants.

Tashi and his family likely live on the ground floor during winters to stay warm. In many traditional houses, especially in colder regions, the ground floor is often more insulated from the outside cold. It might have fewer windows or better insulation compared to upper floors, helping to retain heat and keep the living space cozy during the harsh winter months.

The roof of my house is flat and constructed using bricks and cement. It serves multiple purposes:

• Drying clothes: It provides an open space to hang laundry to dry in the sun.
• Drying food items: We use it to dry various food items like papads, mango slices (aam papad), and potato chips, which helps preserve them.
• Relaxation: During hot summer nights, sleeping on the rooftop is a common practice to enjoy the cool breeze and escape the heat indoors.
• Gathering space: It can also be used as an additional space for family gatherings or activities.

The place where I live, Delhi, is situated at an approximate height of 220 metres above sea level. This height is considered to be in the plains region, not at a high altitude.

Gaurav Jani said this because when one travels to very high altitudes, the atmospheric pressure decreases. This makes the air thinner, meaning there is less oxygen available in each breath. Consequently, the body receives less oxygen, making it difficult to breathe normally and requiring more effort to inhale sufficient air.

Yes, I have visited a hilly place. I have been to Kullu, which is a well-known hill station.

Kullu is located at an approximate height of 2000 metres above sea level. Yes, I did experience some difficulty in breathing when I was there. It was noticeable, especially when I tried to walk fast or climb slopes, as my body adjusted to the lower oxygen levels.

The highest place I have been to is Rohtang Pass. It is situated at an altitude of approximately 4000 metres above sea level.

Yes, animals are an important part of my life. I have a pet dog, who is a beloved member of my family. Besides pets, animals contribute to our lives in many ways. Here are five ways animals are a part of our lives:

1. Companionship (Pets): Like my dog, many people keep pets such as dogs, cats, or birds for companionship and emotional support.
2. Milk and Dairy Products: Animals like cows and buffaloes provide us with milk, which is a primary source of nutrition and is used to make products like curd, butter, and cheese.
3. Farming and Agriculture: Animals such as bullocks are essential for ploughing fields and other farm work. Donkeys and horses are also used for transportation of goods in rural areas.
4. Transportation: Horses, donkeys, and camels are used to carry people and goods, especially in areas where vehicles cannot easily travel.
5. Wool and Leather: Sheep provide wool for clothing, and animals like cows and goats provide leather for making shoes, bags, and other items.

Yes, places like Changthang experience temperatures below 0°C. Many cities in India and abroad also face such extreme cold. Some examples include:

• In India: Leh, Ladakh, Shimla, Gulmarg, and other high-altitude regions in the Himalayas.
• Abroad: Cities like Ottawa (Canada), Minnesota (USA), Moscow (Russia), and many parts of Siberia experience sub-zero temperatures.

This phenomenon typically occurs during the winter months, primarily in December and January, when the Earth's tilt causes these regions to receive less direct sunlight.

Yes, there are different types of houses in the place where I live, and these variations are indeed due to the climate and the diverse needs and economic conditions of the people.

• Multi-storeyed buildings: These are common in urban areas and cater to a large population, offering housing solutions within a smaller land footprint and often suiting the budgets of middle-class families.
• Bungalows/Independent Houses: These are larger, often luxurious homes preferred by wealthier individuals who have the space and resources for more expansive living.
• Smaller Houses/Flats: For people with limited budgets, smaller apartments or houses made with more economical materials like tin roofs and walls are common, providing basic shelter.
• Houses in Slums: These are often constructed with temporary or recycled materials, reflecting the economic challenges faced by some residents.

These differences show how housing adapts to factors like income, family size, and the urban or rural setting.