Class 11 Chemistry NCERT Solutions For Chapter 2 Structure of Atom

Chapter 2 Structure Of Atom

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NCERT Solutions Exercises Questions

Question 2.1 (i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram.
(ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of electrons.

Question 2.2 (i) Calculate the total number of electrons present in one mole of methane.
(ii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of neutrons in 7 mg of 14C. (Assume that mass of a neutron = 1.675 × 10–27 kg).
(iii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of protons in 34 mg of NH3 at STP. Will the answer change if the temperature and pressure are changed ?

Question 2.3 How many neutrons and protons are there in the following nuclei ?
13 16 24 6 8 12 C, O, Mg,

Question 2.4 Write the complete symbol for the atom with the given atomic number (Z) and atomic mass (A)
(i) Z = 17 , A = 35.
(ii) Z = 92 , A = 233.
(iii) Z = 4 , A = 9.

Question 2.5 Yellow light emitted from a sodium lamp has a wavelength (λ) of 580 nm. Calculate the frequency (ν) and wavenumber ( ν ) of the yellow light.

Question 2.6 Find energy of each of the photons which
(i) correspond to light of frequency 3×1015 Hz.
(ii) have wavelength of 0.50 Å.

Question 2.7 Calculate the wavelength, frequency and wavenumber of a light wave whose period is 2.0 × 10–10 s.

Question 2.8 What is the number of photons of light with a wavelength of 4000 pm that provide 1J of energy?

Question 2.9 A photon of wavelength 4 × 10–7 m strikes on metal surface, the work function of the metal being 2.13 eV. Calculate (i) the energy of the photon (eV), (ii) the kinetic energy of the emission, and (iii) the velocity of the photoelectron (1 eV= 1.6020 × 10–19 J).

Question 2.10 Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 242 nm is just sufficient to ionise the sodium atom. Calculate the ionisation energy of sodium in kJ mol–1.

Question 2.11 A 25 watt bulb emits monochromatic yellow light of wavelength of 0.57μm. Calculate the rate of emission of quanta per second.

Question 2.12 Electrons are emitted with zero velocity from a metal surface when it is exposed to radiation of wavelength 6800 Å. Calculate threshold frequency (ν0 ) and work function (W0 ) of the metal.

Question 2.13 What is the wavelength of light emitted when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes transition from an energy level with n = 4 to an energy level with n = 2?

Question 2.14 How much energy is required to ionise a H atom if the electron occupies n = 5 orbit? Compare your answer with the ionization enthalpy of H atom ( energy required to remove the electron from n =1 orbit).

Question 2.15 What is the maximum number of emission lines when the excited electron of a H atom in n = 6 drops to the ground state?

Question 2.16 (i) The energy associated with the first orbit in the hydrogen atom is –2.18 × 10–18 J atom–1. What is the energy associated with the fifth orbit?
(ii) Calculate the radius of Bohr’s fifth orbit for hydrogen atom.

Question 2.17 Calculate the wavenumber for the longest wavelength transition in the Balmer series of atomic hydrogen.

Question 2.18 What is the energy in joules, required to shift the electron of the hydrogen atom from the first Bohr orbit to the fifth Bohr orbit and what is the wavelength of the light emitted when the electron returns to the ground state? The ground state electron energy is –2.18 × 10–11 ergs.

Question 2.19 The electron energy in hydrogen atom is given by En = (–2.18 × 10–18 )/n2 J. Calculate the energy required to remove an electron completely from the n = 2 orbit. What is the longest wavelength of light in cm that can be used to cause this transition?

Question 2.20 Calculate the wavelength of an electron moving with a velocity of 2.05 × 107 m s–1.

Question 2.21 The mass of an electron is 9.1 × 10–31 kg. If its K.E. is 3.0 × 10–25 J, calculate its wavelength.

Question 2.22 Which of the following are isoelectronic species i.e., those having the same number of electrons? Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, S2–, Ar.

Question 2.23 (i) Write the electronic configurations of the following ions:
(a) H–
(b) Na+
(c) O2–
(d) F–

(ii) What are the atomic numbers of elements whose outermost electrons are represented by
(a) 3s1
(b) 2p3
(c) 3p5 ?

(iii) Which atoms are indicated by the following configurations ?
(a) [He] 2s1
(b) [Ne] 3s2 3p3
(c) [Ar] 4s2 3d1.

Question 2.24 What is the lowest value of n that allows g orbitals to exist?

Question 2.25 An electron is in one of the 3d orbitals. Give the possible values of n, l and ml for this electron.

Question 2.26 An atom of an element contains 29 electrons and 35 neutrons. Deduce (i) the number of protons and (ii) the electronic configuration of the element.

Question 2.27 Give the number of electrons in the species H H andO 2 2 2 + , +

Question 2.28 (i) An atomic orbital has n = 3. What are the possible values of l and ml ?
(ii) List the quantum numbers (ml and l ) of electrons for 3d orbital.
(iii) Which of the following orbitals are possible? 1p, 2s, 2p and 3f

Question 2.29 Using s, p, d notations, describe the orbital with the following quantum numbers.
(a) n=1, l=0;
(b) n = 3; l=1
(c) n 4; l =2;
(d) n=4; l=3.

Question 2.30 Explain, giving reasons, which of the following sets of quantum numbers are not possible.
(a) n = 0, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = + ½
(b) n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = – ½
(c) n = 1, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + ½
(d) n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = – ½
(e) n = 3, l = 3, ml = –3, ms = + ½
(f) n = 3, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + ½

Question 2.31 How many electrons in an atom may have the following quantum numbers?
(a) n = 4, ms = – ½
(b) n = 3, l = 0

Question 2.32 Show that the circumference of the Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an integral multiple of the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electron revolving around the orbit.

2.33 What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength as the Balmer transition n = 4 to n = 2 of He+ spectrum ?

Question 2.34 Calculate the energy required for the process He+ (g)  He2+ (g) + e– The ionization energy for the H atom in the ground state is 2.18 × 10–18 J atom–1

Question 2.35 If the diameter of a carbon atom is 0.15 nm, calculate the number of carbon atoms which can be placed side by side in a straight line across length of scale of length 20 cm long.

Question 2.36 2 ×108 atoms of carbon are arranged side by side. Calculate the radius of carbon atom if the length of this arrangement is 2.4 cm.

Question 2.37 The diameter of zinc atom is 2.6 Å.Calculate (a) radius of zinc atom in pm and (b) number of atoms present in a length of 1.6 cm if the zinc atoms are arranged side by side lengthwise.

Question 2.38 A certain particle carries 2.5 × 10–16C of static electric charge. Calculate the number of electrons present in it.

Question 2.39 In Milikan’s experiment, static electric charge on the oil drops has been obtained by shining X-rays. If the static electric charge on the oil drop is –1.282 × 10–18C, calculate the number of electrons present on it.

Question 2.40 In Rutherford’s experiment, generally the thin foil of heavy atoms, like gold, platinum etc. have been used to be bombarded by the α-particles. If the thin foil of light atoms like aluminium etc. is used, what difference would be observed from the above results ?

Question 2.41 Symbols 79 35Br and 79Br can be written, whereas symbols 35 79 Br and 35Br are not acceptable. Answer briefly.

Question 2.42 An element with mass number 81 contains 31.7% more neutrons as compared to protons. Assign the atomic symbol.

Question 2.43 An ion with mass number 37 possesses one unit of negative charge. If the ion conatins 11.1% more neutrons than the electrons, find the symbol of the ion.

Question 2.44 An ion with mass number 56 contains 3 units of positive charge and 30.4% more neutrons than electrons. Assign the symbol to this ion.

Question 2.45 Arrange the following type of radiations in increasing order of frequency:
(a) radiation from microwave oven (b) amber light from traffic signal (c) radiation from FM radio (d) cosmic rays from outer space and (e) X-rays.

Question 2.46 Nitrogen laser produces a radiation at a wavelength of 337.1 nm. If the number of photons emitted is 5.6 × 1024, calculate the power of this laser.

Question 2.47 Neon gas is generally used in the sign boards. If it emits strongly at 616 nm, calculate
(a) the frequency of emission (b) distance traveled by this radiation in 30 s (c) energy of quantum and (d) number of quanta present if it produces 2 J of energy.

Question 2.48 In astronomical observations, signals observed from the distant stars are generally

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