CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1: Resources & Development NCERT Solutions

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CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 14, Resources and Development, explores the core ideas behind how we classify and use resources. It breaks down resources into renewable and non-renewable categories, giving examples like tidal energy and iron ore. The chapter also highlights significant environmental challenges, such as land degradation caused by practices like over-irrigation in Punjab. It emphasizes sustainable land management techniques, like terrace farming in hilly regions such as Uttarakhand, to combat soil erosion. Additionally, it examines the geographical distribution of various soil types, with a particular focus on the prevalence of black soil in states like Gujarat. These solutions offer clear explanations and systematic approaches to grasp these crucial geographical concepts, supporting students in their exam preparation and fostering an understanding of resource conservation.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 10
SubjectSocial Science
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 14

Chapter summary

Chapter 1, Resources & Development, for Class 10 Social Science focuses on understanding different types of resources, their classification (renewable, non-renewable, biotic, abiotic), and their sustainable use. It examines the causes and consequences of land degradation, highlighting specific issues like over-irrigation in Punjab and the necessity of terrace cultivation in hilly terrains. The chapter also introduces various soil types and their distribution, with a focus on black soil. These NCERT Solutions offer detailed explanations for each question, ensuring clarity on these core geographical concepts.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the classification of resources into renewable and non-renewable categories.
  • Identify the causes of land degradation and methods to prevent it.
  • Explain the significance of different farming techniques like terrace cultivation.
  • Recognize the distribution of various soil types in India.
  • Differentiate between replenishable and non-recyclable resources.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Resources and Development
  • Classification of Resources
  • Renewable Resources
  • Non-Renewable Resources
  • Tidal Energy
  • Land Degradation
  • Causes of Land Degradation
  • Over-irrigation
  • Terrace Cultivation
  • Soil Types
  • Black Soil
  • Resource Management

Important topics

  • Classification of Resources
  • Causes and Prevention of Land Degradation
  • Importance of Terrace Cultivation
  • Distribution of Black Soil
  • Sustainable Use of Resources

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Questions and Solutions

Q.1 A

Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore?
  1. Renewable
  2. Biotic
  3. Flow
  4. Non- Renewable
Solution: The correct option is Non-Renewable. Iron ore is a natural resource that is found in limited quantities on Earth. The rate at which it can be formed by natural geological processes is extremely slow compared to the rate at which humans consume it. Therefore, once depleted, it cannot be easily replenished, classifying it as a non-renewable resource.

Q.1 B

Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
  1. Replenishable
  2. Human-made
  3. Abiotic
  4. Non-recyclable
Solution: The correct option is Replenishable. Tidal energy is harnessed from the regular rise and fall of ocean tides, which are a continuous natural phenomenon. Because the source of tidal energy (ocean tides) is naturally replenished and can be utilized repeatedly without significant depletion, it is classified as a replenishable resource.

Q.1 C

Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
  1. Intensive cultivation
  2. Deforestation
  3. Over irrigation
  4. Overgrazing
Solution: The main cause of land degradation in Punjab among the given options is Over irrigation. In Punjab, extensive irrigation practices, while crucial for agriculture, can lead to waterlogging. This excess water raises the water table and brings dissolved salts to the surface, which then accumulate as the water evaporates, increasing soil salinity and alkalinity and degrading the land's fertility.

Q.1 D

In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
  1. Punjab
  2. Plains of Uttar Pradesh
  3. Haryana
  4. Uttarakhand
Solution: Terrace cultivation is practised in Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand is a state characterized by hilly and mountainous terrain. On steep slopes, rainwater can flow rapidly, causing significant soil erosion. Terrace farming involves creating level steps or terraces on these slopes, which helps to slow down water flow, conserve soil, and make cultivation possible and more effective.

Q.1 E

In which of the following states is black soil found?
  1. Jammu and Kashmir
  2. Gujarat
Solution: Black soil, also known as Regur soil, is predominantly found in the Deccan plateau region of India. Among the options provided, Gujarat is a state where significant areas of black soil are present. This type of soil is known for its fertility and suitability for growing cotton and other crops.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing renewable and non-renewable resources.
  • Misidentifying the primary cause of land degradation in specific regions.
  • Not understanding the geographical context for specific agricultural practices.
  • Incorrectly associating soil types with states.

Revision tips

  • Focus on the definitions and examples of different resource types.
  • Pay close attention to the causes and solutions for land degradation.
  • Memorize the states associated with specific soil types and farming methods.
  • Review the multiple-choice options carefully to avoid common misconceptions.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?

Q2. What type of resource is tidal energy?

Q3. Over-irrigation is a major cause of land degradation in which Indian state?

Q4. Terrace cultivation is primarily practised in which type of region?

Q5. Black soil is predominantly found in which of the following states?

Frequently asked questions

What are the main types of resources discussed in Class 10 Social Science Chapter 1?

Chapter 1 discusses resources classified as renewable (like tidal energy) and non-renewable (like iron ore), as well as biotic and abiotic resources.

What is the primary reason for land degradation in Punjab according to the NCERT Solutions?

The primary reason for land degradation in Punjab is identified as over-irrigation, which leads to waterlogging and increased soil salinity/alkalinity.

Why is terrace cultivation important in states like Uttarakhand?

Terrace cultivation is important in Uttarakhand, a hilly state, to prevent soil erosion caused by the rapid flow of water down the slopes.

Where is black soil typically found in India?

Black soil is predominantly found in states like Gujarat, Maharashtra, and parts of Madhya Pradesh, often referred to as the Deccan plateau region.

How do these NCERT Solutions help students prepare for exams?

These solutions provide clear, rewritten answers to all questions, explaining concepts like resource classification and land degradation in detail, which aids in understanding and revision for exams.

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