CBSE Class 10 Social Science: Sectors of the Indian Economy NCERT Solutions

Here are the completed sentences with the correct options:

1. Employment in the service sector has not increased to the same extent as production. This indicates that while the service sector has grown in terms of output, its capacity to absorb labor has not grown proportionally.
2. Workers in the tertiary sector do not produce goods. The tertiary sector provides services rather than tangible goods.
3. Most of the workers in the organised sector enjoy job security. The organized sector is characterized by regular employment, fixed working hours, and legal protections for workers.
4. A large proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. This highlights a significant part of the Indian workforce operating outside formal regulations and protections.
5. Cotton is a natural product and cloth is a manufactured product. Cotton is obtained directly from nature (primary sector), while cloth is made from cotton through industrial processes (secondary sector).
6. The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are interdependent. Each sector relies on the others for raw materials, processing, and services to function effectively.

The correct answer is (iii) ownership of enterprises.

Explanation: The classification of economic activities into public and private sectors is determined by who owns the enterprises and provides the main service. In the public sector, the government owns most of the assets and provides services, while in the private sector, ownership lies with individuals or private companies.

The correct answer is (i) primary.

Explanation: The primary sector is concerned with the extraction and production of natural resources. Activities like agriculture, fishing, and mining, which involve using natural processes, fall under this sector.

The correct answer is (ii) all final goods and services.

Explanation: GDP (Gross Domestic Product) represents the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a specific period, usually a year. It does not include intermediate goods to avoid double-counting.

The correct answer is (iii) between 50 to 60 per cent.

Explanation: In India, the tertiary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in terms of its contribution to GDP, surpassing the primary and secondary sectors. Data for 2010-11 indicates its share was in the range of 50-60 percent.

Here is the correct matching of the problems faced by the farming sector with possible measures:

• 1. Unirrigated land matches with (d) Construction of canals by the government. Irrigation facilities like canals are essential for areas lacking natural rainfall.
• 2. Low prices for crops matches with (c) Procurement of food grains by government. Government procurement at minimum support prices helps ensure farmers receive fair prices for their produce.
• 3. Debt burden matches with (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest. Access to affordable credit from banks can help farmers manage their debts and reduce reliance on moneylenders.
• 4. No job in the offseason matches with (a) Setting up agro-based mills. Agro-based industries can provide alternative employment opportunities during periods when farming activities are not possible.
• 5. Compelled to sell their grains to the local traders soon after harvest matches with (b) Cooperative marketing societies. Farmers can collectively market their produce through cooperatives to get better prices and avoid exploitation by local traders.