CBSE Class 11 Geography Syllabus 2026-27

GEOGRAPHY Subject Code: 029 Class-XI (2026-27)

BACKGROUND/ RATIONALE

Geography is introduced as an elective subject at the second phase of secondary stage. After ten years of general education, students branch out at the beginning of this stage and are exposed to the rigors of the discipline for the first time. Being an entry point for the higher education, students choose Geography for pursuing their academic interest and, therefore, need a broader and deeper understanding of the subject. For others, geographical knowledge is useful in daily lives because it is a valuable medium for the education of young people. Its contribution lies in the content, cognitive processes, skills and values that Geography promotes and thus helps the students explore, understand and evaluate the environmental and social dimensions of the world in a better manner.

Since Geography explores the relationship between people and their environment, it includes studies of physical and human environments and their interactions at different scales-local, state/region, nation and the world. The fundamental principles responsible for the varieties in the distributional pattern of physical and human features and phenomena over the earth's surface need to be understood properly. Application of these principles would be taken up through selected case studies from the world and India. Thus, the physical and human environment of India and study of some issues from a geographical point of view will be covered in greater detail. Students will be exposed to different methods used in geographical investigations.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

The course in Geography will help learners to:

lacktrian Familiarise with key concepts, terminology and core principles of Geography.

• Describe locations and correlate with Geographical Perspectives.

<math>\blacktriangle</math> List/describe what students might see, hear and smell at a place.

lacktrian List/describe ways a place is linked with other places.

<math>\blacktriangle</math> Compare conditions and connections in one place to another.

lacktrian Analyse/ describe how conditions in one place can affect nearby places.

lacktrian Identify regions as places that are similar or connected.

• Describe and interpret the spatial pattern features on a thematic map.
• Search for, recognize and understand the processes and patterns of the spatial arrangement of the natural features as well as human aspects and phenomena on the earth's surface.
• Understand and analyse the interrelationship between physical and

human environments and utilize such knowledge in reflecting on issues related to community.

Apply geographical knowledge and methods of inquiry to emerging situations or problems at different levels-local, regional, national and global.

• Develop geographical skills, relating to collection, processing and analysis of spatial data/information and preparation of report including maps and graphs and use of computers wherever possible; and to be sensitive to issues.
• The child will develop the competency to analyse, evaluate, interpret and apply the acquired knowledge to determine the environmental issues effectively.

CLASS XI COURSE STRUCTURE

Book- Fundamentals of Physical Geography

Chapter Chapter name Weightage

No. Unit- I Geography as a Discipline 3

Unit II The Earth 2 The Origin and Evolution of the Earth 9

3 Interior of the Earth 4 Distribution of oceans and continents

Unit-III Landforms 5 Geomorphic Processes 6

6 Landform and their Evolution Unit-IV Climate 7 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere 8

8 Solar Radiation, Heat balance and Temperature 9 Atmospheric Circulations and Weather

Systems 10 Water in the Atmosphere 11 World Climate and Climate Change (To be tested through internal assessments in the form

of project and presentation)

Unit-V Water (Oceans) 12 Water (Oceans) 4

13 Movements of Ocean Water

Unit VI Life on the Earth 14 Biodiversity and Conservation (To be tested through internal assessments in the form of project and

presentation) 5 Total 35

Book-India Physical Environment

Chapter Chapter Name Weightage

No. Unit-I Introduction India- Location 5

Unit II Physiography 2 Structure and Physiography 13

3 Drainage System Unit III Climate Vegetation and Soil 4 Climate 12

5 Natural Vegetation Unit-IV Natural Hazards and Disasters: Causes Consequences and Management 6 Natural Hazards and Disasters (To be tested through internal assessment in the form of Projects and

presentation)

Map 5 35