CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology Syllabus 2026-27
The CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology Syllabus for 2026-27 (Subject Code 045) outlines the course structure for a total of 100 marks, with 70 for theory and 30 for practicals. The theory component is divided into four units: Unit I: Biotechnology: An Overview (5 Marks), covering historical perspectives, technology, applications, and the global market. Unit II: Molecules of Life (20 Marks), focusing on building blocks like sugars, amino acids, lipids, and nucleotides, and the structure and function of macromolecules including carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, lipids, and nucleic acids. Unit III: Genetics and Molecular Biology (20 Marks), delves into concepts of genetics such as linkage and crossing over, and the structure and function of genes and genomes, including DNA replication, transcription, translation, and mutations. Unit IV: Cells and Organisms (25 Marks), explores the basic unit of life, cell structure, division, and development, cell communication, nutrition, reproduction, and immune response. The practical component (30 Marks) includes experiments on buffer preparation, sterilization, media preparation, cell counting, and estimations of sugar, amylase, and protein.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | 11 |
| Subject | BioTechnology |
| Session | 2026-27 |
| Language | English |
| Type | Syllabus |
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BIOTECHNOLOGY Subject Code - 045 Class XI (2026-27)
An unprecedented growth of human knowledge in the field of Biological Sciences coupled with equally significant developments in the field of technology have brought significant changes into existing social and economic systems. The emerging field of Biotechnology is likely to further enhance the applications of Science and Technology for human welfare. Modern Biotechnology processes encompass a wide range of new products such as antibiotics, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and many more. Furthermore, developments in recombinant DNA technology have yielded numerous new useful products in the fields of healthcare and agriculture. The present syllabus takes care of all these aspects. Due emphasis has been laid on familiarizing the learners with the fundamental concepts, basic techniques and their applications. It is expected that the knowledge gained through the study of different topics and the skills acquired through the prescribed practical work will make the learners competent to meet the challenges of academic as well as professional courses after studying the subject at senior secondary stage.
Objectives
The broad objectives of teaching Biotechnology at senior secondary level are to:
help the learners know and understand basic facts and concepts of the subject at elementary stage.
<math>\blacktriangle</math> expose the students to different basic processes and basic techniques used in Biotechnology.
lacktrian familiarize the learners to understand the relationship of the subject to health, nutrition, environment, agriculture and industry, etc.
develop conceptual competence in the learners so as to cope up with professional courses in future career.
acquaint students with different applications of Biotechnology in everyday life.
develop an interest in students to study Biotechnology as a discipline.
BIOTECHNOLOGY Subject Code - 045 Class XI (2026-27)
COURSE STRUCTURE
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks: 70+30
Units Marks
Unit- I Biotechnology: An overview 5
Unit-II Molecules of Life 20
Unit-III Genetics and Molecular Biology 20
Unit-IV Cells and Organisms 25
Practical 30 100
Theory
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks: 70
Unit-I Biotechnology: An overview
5 Marks
Chapter 1: Biotechnology: An Overview
Historical Perspectives, Technology and Applications of Biotechnology, Global market and Biotech Products.
Unit-II Molecules of Life
20 Marks
Chapter 1: Biomolecules: Building Blocks
Building Blocks of Carbohydrates - Sugars and their Derivatives, Building Blocks of Proteins - Amino Acids, Building Blocks of Lipids- Simple Fatty Acids, Glycerol and Cholesterol, Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids – Nucleotides.
Chapter 2: Macromolecules: Structure & Function
Carbohydrates - The Energy Givers, Proteins - The Performers, Enzymes - The Catalysts, Lipids and Biomembranes - The Barriers, Nucleic Acids - The Managers
<u>Unit-III Genetics and Molecular Biology</u>
20 Marks
Chapter 1: Concepts of Genetics
Historical Perspective, Multiple Alleles, Linkage and Crossing Over, Genetic Mapping.
Chapter 2: Genes and Genomes: Structure and Function
Discovery of DNA as Genetic Material, DNA Replication, Fine Structure of the Genes, From Gene to Protein, Transcription – The Basic Process, Genetic Code, Translation, Mutations, Human Genetic Disorders.
Unit-IV Cells and Organisms
25 Marks
Chapter 1: The Basic Unit of Life
Cell Structure and Components, Organization of Life
Chapter 2: Cell Growth and Development
Cell Division, Cell Cycle, Cell Communication, Nutrition, Reproduction, Immune Response in Animals.
PRACTICALS
Note: Every student is required to do the following experiments during the academic session.
- Preparation of buffers and pH determination
- Sterilization techniques
- Preparation of bacterial growth medium
- Cell counting
- Sugar Estimation using Di Nitro Salicylic Acid test (DNS test)
- Assay for amylase enzyme
- Protein estimation by biuret method
Scheme of Evaluation
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks 30
The scheme of evaluation at the end of session will be as under:
Two experiments Viva on experiments Practical record
: 20 Marks
: 5 Marks
: 5 Marks
Frequently asked questions
What are the main units covered in the Class 11 Biotechnology syllabus?
The main units are Biotechnology: An Overview, Molecules of Life, Genetics and Molecular Biology, and Cells and Organisms.
How are the marks distributed between theory and practicals?
The total marks are 100, with 70 allocated for theory and 30 for practicals.
What topics are included in the 'Molecules of Life' unit?
This unit covers building blocks of biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as their structure and function.
What kind of experiments are included in the practical section?
Practicals include preparation of buffers, sterilization techniques, preparation of growth medium, cell counting, and estimations of sugar, enzymes, and proteins.
What is the duration of the theory and practical exams?
Both the theory and practical examinations are conducted for 3 hours each.
What are the learning objectives of studying Biotechnology at the senior secondary level?
Objectives include understanding basic facts and concepts, learning basic techniques, relating the subject to health, nutrition, agriculture, and developing conceptual competence for future professional courses.
CBSE Class 11 BioTechnology syllabus 2026-27. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.