CBSE Class 6 Hindi Chapter 21: Angulimal - NCERT Solutions

This question is an oral exercise designed to improve pronunciation and familiarity with Hindi vocabulary. Students should read each word aloud clearly. Pay attention to the correct pronunciation of consonants, vowels, and conjunct consonants. For example, practice the sounds in 'भगवान' (Bhagwan), 'बुद्ध' (Buddha), 'धैर्यपूर्वक' (dhairyapurvak), 'मुसकराकर' (muskurakar), 'स्वागत' (swagat), and 'निर्दयी' (nirdayi).

• भगवान (Bhagwan) - God
• बुद्ध (Buddha) - Buddha
• गुस्सा (Gussa) - Anger
• शरण (Sharan) - Refuge
• घृणा (Ghrina) - Hatred
• धैर्यपूर्वक (Dhairyapurvak) - Patiently
• टूट (Toot) - Break
• शिष्य (Shishya) - Disciple
• मुसकराकर (Muskurakar) - Smilingly
• जाना (Jaana) - To go
• जुड़ (Jud) - Join
• एक बार (Ek baar) - Once
• दुबारा (Dubara) - Again
• सतना (Satna) - To touch (often used in context of reaching or affecting)
• धैर्य (Dhairya) - Patience
• स्वागत (Swagat) - Welcome
• इसलिए (Isliye) - Therefore
• निर्दयी (Nirdayi) - Cruel
• डाकू (Daku) - Robber
• अंगुलियों की माला (Anguliyon ki mala) - Garland of fingers (referring to Angulimal's practice)
• बिना डरे (Bina dare) - Without fear
• समझ जाना (Samajh jaana) - To understand

Practice saying these words multiple times to build confidence.

These sentences need to be changed from the past tense to the simple present tense. The key is to change the verb and its ending to reflect present action. The word 'पहले' (earlier/before) is removed as it indicates past time.

1. Original: पहले राघवन फुटबाल खेलता था। (Raghavan used to play football.) Changed: राघवन फुटबाल खेलता है। (Raghavan plays football.)
2. Original: पहले सुषमा गाना सीखती थी | (Sushma used to learn singing.) Changed: सुषमा गाना सीखती है। (Sushma learns singing.)
3. Original: पहले वे चाय पीते थे। (They used to drink tea.) Changed: वे चाय पीते हैं। (They drink tea.)
4. Original: पहले हम गाँव के विद्यालय मे पढ़ते थे। (We used to study in the village school.) Changed: हम गाँव के विद्यालय मे पढ़ते हैं। (We study in the village school.)

Notice how the verb endings change from '-ता था', '-ती थी', '-ते थे' to '-ता है', '-ती है', '-ते हैं' respectively, indicating the shift to the present tense.

This exercise requires filling in the blanks with the correct form of the given verbs, ensuring agreement with the subject in gender and number.

1. मेरा काम पूरा हो गया। (My work is completed.) Reasoning: 'काम' (work) is masculine singular, so 'हो गया' is used.
2. तुम देर से आये, चाय ख़तम हो गई। (You came late, the tea is finished.) Reasoning: 'चाय' (tea) is feminine singular, so 'हो गई' is used.
3. नौकर रास्ते मे ही रह गया। (The servant remained/got left behind on the way.) Reasoning: 'नौकर' (servant) is masculine singular, so 'रह गया' is used.
4. सभी विद्यार्थी अपनी- अपनी सीट पर बैठ गए। (All students sat on their respective seats.) Reasoning: 'सभी विद्यार्थी' (all students) is plural, so 'बैठ गए' is used.
5. अंजना खुश रह गई। (Anjana remained/was left happy.) Reasoning: 'अंजना' (Anjana) is feminine singular, so 'रह गई' is used.

This question presents examples of sentences in the present tense and then asks to perform a transformation. Let's analyze each part:

(क) Examples: These sentences are already in the present tense, demonstrating the standard structure for actions happening now or habitually.

1. रमेश पतंग उडाता है। (Ramesh flies a kite.)
2. मैं हिंदी सीखता हु। (I learn Hindi.)
3. हम मिठाई खाते है | (We eat sweets.)

(ख) Example and Task: This section shows how to change the gender of the subject and adjust the verb accordingly.

1. Example: मैं चित्र बनता हूँ | (I draw a picture - masculine subject)
2. Example: वह कपडे धोता है। (He washes clothes - masculine subject)
3. Task: सलमा चित्र बनती है | (Salma draws a picture.) Explanation: The example 'मैं चित्र बनता हूँ' uses the masculine form 'बनता'. The task sentence 'सलमा चित्र बनती है' uses a feminine subject 'सलमा'. The verb correctly changes to the feminine form 'बनती है' to agree with 'सलमा'.

(ग) Examples: These sentences demonstrate the use of the simple present tense for habitual actions or regular occurrences, often including time references.

1. श्रीनिवास रोज़ सात बजे स्कूल जाता है। (Shrinivas goes to school daily at 7 o'clock.)
2. अख़बार रोज़ सुबह ग्यारह बजे आ जाता है| (The newspaper arrives daily at eleven in the morning.)
3. सुनीता रोज़ सुबह नहाती है। (Sunita bathes daily in the morning.)

The task in part (ख) specifically highlights the importance of gender agreement in Hindi verbs. The examples in (क) and (ग) reinforce the structure of present tense sentences.