CBSE Class 10 Social Science: Lifelines of National Economy NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 10 PDF

This section provides comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, focusing on Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy from the Contemporary India – II textbook. It delves into the crucial aspects of transportation and communication networks that form the backbone of India's economic development. The solutions cover various modes of transport like roadways, railways, waterways, and airways, explaining their importance, merits, and demerits. It also touches upon pipelines and the significance of different ports. The questions are designed to test understanding of the geographical distribution and connectivity of these lifelines across the country. These solutions are meticulously crafted to help students understand the concepts thoroughly and prepare effectively for their board examinations, offering clear explanations and accurate answers.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 10
SubjectSocial Science
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterGeography (Contemporary India – II) - Lifelines of National Economy

Chapter summary

This chapter, 'Lifelines of National Economy,' from the Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India – II) textbook, explores the vital role of transport and communication in a country's economic development. The NCERT Solutions provide detailed answers to questions related to various transportation networks, including roadways, railways, waterways, and airways, highlighting their significance, advantages, and geographical coverage. It also covers important aspects like pipelines and major ports, essential for trade and commerce. The solutions aim to equip students with a clear understanding of how these lifelines contribute to national integration and economic progress.

Learning outcomes

  • Identify the key transport corridors and major ports in India.
  • Explain the merits and demerits of different modes of transportation.
  • Understand the role of railways and roadways in connecting diverse geographical regions.
  • Differentiate between internal and international trade.
  • Recognize the importance of pipelines in transporting resources.
  • Analyze the convenience and efficiency of various transport systems.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Modes of Transportation
  • Roadways
  • Railways
  • Pipelines
  • Waterways
  • Airways
  • Ports
  • East-West Corridor
  • North-South Corridor
  • H.V.J. Pipeline
  • Trade
  • National Economy

Important topics

  • Significance of Roadways and Railways
  • Role of Pipelines in Resource Transport
  • Major Ports and Corridors
  • Comparison of Transport Modes
  • International Trade Concepts

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Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Multiple choice questions. (i). Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east-west corridor?
  1. Mumbai and Nagpur (b)Mumbai and Kolkata
  2. Silcher and Porbandar (d) Nagpur and Siligudi
(ii). Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?
  1. Railways (b) Pipeline
  2. Roadways (d) Waterways
(iii). Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?
  1. Madhya Pradesh (b) Gujarat
  2. Maharashtra (d) Uttar Pradesh
(iv). Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well protected port along the east coast?
  1. Chennai (b) Tuticorin
  2. Paradwip (d) Vishakhapatnam
(v). Which one of the following is the most important modes of transportation in India?
  1. Pipeline (b) Roadways
  2. Railways (d) Airways
(vi). Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?
  1. Internal trade (b) External trade
  2. International trade (d) Local trade
Solution: (i) The correct option is (b) Silcher and Porbandar. The East-West Corridor connects the extreme eastern city of Silcher in Assam with the extreme western city of Porbandar in Gujarat, forming a vital part of India's highway network. (ii) The correct option is (b) Pipeline. Pipelines are extremely useful for transporting liquids and gases like petroleum, natural gas, and water. They significantly reduce the losses and delays associated with trans-shipment, as the material moves directly from the source to the destination. (iii) The correct option is (c) Maharashtra. The H.V.J. (Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur) pipeline is a major natural gas pipeline that connects Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh. Maharashtra is not directly served by this specific pipeline. (iv) The correct option is (d) Vishakhapatnam. Vishakhapatnam port, located on the east coast of India, is renowned for being the deepest land-locked and well-protected natural harbor, making it strategically important. (v) The correct option is (c) Railways. Railways are considered the most important mode of transportation in India for carrying bulk goods and a large number of passengers over long distances. They are crucial for the country's economy and connectivity. (vi) The correct option is (c) International trade. International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between two or more countries. This type of trade is essential for global economic relations and specialization.

Question 2

Answer the following questions in about 30 words. (i). State any three merits of roadways. (ii). Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?
Solution: (i) Three merits of roadways are:
  1. Lower construction costs compared to railways, making them more accessible.
  2. Ability to traverse difficult and dissected terrains more easily.
  3. Capability to negotiate steeper gradients, allowing passage through mountainous regions like the Himalayas.
(ii) Rail transport is most convenient across the country for long-distance travel and for transporting goods in bulk. It is particularly suitable because a single train can carry a large volume of passengers or goods at once, significantly reducing the per-unit transportation cost compared to other modes.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing the endpoints of major transportation corridors.
  • Incorrectly identifying the most suitable mode of transport for specific goods or distances.
  • Misunderstanding the states connected by major pipelines.
  • Failing to distinguish between different types of trade (internal vs. international).

Revision tips

  • Map the major transport routes and ports discussed in the solutions.
  • Create a table comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each transport mode.
  • Focus on understanding the 'why' behind the convenience of rail transport for bulk goods.
  • Review the definitions of trade types to avoid confusion.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which two extreme locations are connected by the East-West Corridor?

Q2. Which mode of transportation is most effective in reducing trans-shipment losses and delays?

Q3. Which of the following states is NOT connected by the H.V.J. pipeline?

Q4. Which port is recognized as the deepest, land-locked, and well-protected port on India's east coast?

Q5. What is considered the most important mode of transportation for people and goods in India?

Q6. The term used to describe trade conducted between two or more countries is:

Frequently asked questions

What is the main focus of the 'Lifelines of National Economy' chapter for Class 10 Social Science?

This chapter focuses on the critical role of transportation and communication networks, such as roadways, railways, waterways, airways, and pipelines, in supporting India's economic development and national integration.

Which transport mode has lower construction costs and can traverse difficult terrains?

Roadways are generally less expensive to construct compared to railways and are more adaptable to varied and hilly terrains, including steep slopes.

Why are railways considered a convenient means of transport for long distances and bulk goods in India?

Railways can carry a large number of people or substantial quantities of goods simultaneously, making them efficient and cost-effective for long-distance travel and bulk transportation.

What is the significance of Vishakhapatnam port?

Vishakhapatnam port is notable for being the deepest land-locked and well-protected natural harbor along India's east coast.

What is the difference between internal and international trade?

Internal trade occurs within the political boundaries of a country, while international trade involves the exchange of goods and services between two or more countries.

How do these NCERT Solutions help students prepare for exams?

These solutions provide clear, step-by-step answers to textbook questions, helping students understand key concepts, remember important facts, and practice answering questions accurately for their board exams.

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