NCERT Class 9 Sanskrit Sharada: Chapter 16 — परिशिष्टम् ५
This chapter, 'धातुरूपाणि' (Verb Forms), from NCERT Class 9 Sanskrit textbook 'Sharada', focuses on the conjugation of Sanskrit verbs. It specifically details the usage of the 'णिच्' (nich) suffix with parasmaipada verbs in the present tense (लट् लकार) to indicate causation (प्रेरणार्थे). The chapter illustrates this with the root verb 'पठ्' (to read), showing its basic form and its causative form 'पाठयति'. It also provides examples of other verbs that can be used causatively. Furthermore, the chapter presents the conjugations of the 'पठ्' verb in all five major tenses/moods: Lट् (present), लृट् (future), लङ् (imperfect past), लोट् (imperative), and विधिलिङ् (optative/potential). This comprehensive overview of verb forms is crucial for understanding and constructing Sanskrit sentences, aiding CBSE students in their grammar studies.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 9 |
| Subject | Sanskrit |
| Book | Sharada |
| Chapter | Chapter 16 — परिशिष्टम् ५ |
| Language | Sanskrit |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 1 minute |
| Word count | 184 |
Learning outcomes
- Understand the concept of causative verbs in Sanskrit using the 'णिच्' suffix.
- Conjugate the root verb 'पठ्' in its basic and causative forms in the present tense.
- Recognize and conjugate Sanskrit verbs in the Lट्, लृट्, लङ्, लोट्, and विधिलिङ् tenses.
- Apply knowledge of verb conjugations to form grammatically correct Sanskrit sentences.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| धातुरूपाणि | Verb forms |
| परस्मैपदि | Parasmaipada (verb class taking object indirectly or not at all) |
| लट्-लकारः | Present tense |
| णिच्-प्रत्यय | 'nich' suffix (causative) |
| प्रेरणार्थे | For causation/to cause |
| लृट्-लकारः | Future tense |
| लङ्-लकारः | Imperfect past tense |
| लोट्-लकारः | Imperative mood |
| विधिलिङ्-लकारः | Optative/Potential mood |
| पुरुषः | Person (first, second, third) |
| एकवचनम् | Singular number |
| द्विवचनम् | Dual number |
| बहुवचनम् | Plural number |
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Practice questions
- 'पठ्' धातु का लट् लकार, प्रथम पुरुष, एकवचन का रूप क्या है? Answer: पठति
- 'णिच्' प्रत्यय का प्रयोग किस अर्थ में होता है? Answer: प्रेरणार्थे (कहाने के अर्थ में)
- 'पठ्' धातु का लृट् लकार, मध्यम पुरुष, बहुवचन का रूप क्या है? Answer: पठिष्यष्यथ
- 'पठ्' धातु का लङ् लकार, उत्तम पुरुष, द्विवचन का रूप क्या है? Answer: अपठाव
- 'पठ्' धातु का लोट् लकार, प्रथम पुरुष, बहुवचन का रूप क्या है? Answer: पठन्तु
- 'पठ्' धातु का विधिलिङ् लकार, मध्यम पुरुष, एकवचन का रूप क्या है? Answer: पठेः
Frequently asked questions
What is the main focus of Chapter 16 'धातुरूपाणि' in NCERT Class 9 Sanskrit Sharada?
Chapter 16 focuses on Sanskrit verb conjugations, particularly the use of the causative suffix 'णिच्' and the forms of verbs in five major tenses/moods: Lट्, लृट्, लङ्, लोट्, and विधिलिङ्.
What does the 'णिच्' suffix signify in Sanskrit verbs?
The 'णिच्' suffix is used with parasmaipada verbs to form causative verbs, indicating that the subject causes another to perform the action (प्रेरणार्थे).
How is the verb 'पठ्' conjugated in the present tense (लट् लकार)?
In the present tense, 'पठ्' is conjugated as पठति (he/she reads), पठतः (they two read), पठन्ति (they read) in the first person; पठसि (you read), पठथः (you two read), पठथ (you read) in the second person; and पठामि (I read), पठावः (we two read), पठामः (we read) in the third person.
What are the five tenses/moods covered for the 'पठ्' verb in this chapter?
The chapter covers the Lट् (present), लृट् (future), लङ् (imperfect past), लोट् (imperative), and विधिलिङ् (optative/potential) moods for the 'पठ्' verb.
Provide an example of a causative verb derived from 'पठ्'.
The causative form of 'पठ्' (to read) is 'पाठयति' (he/she causes to read).
What is the future tense form of 'पठ्' in the first person singular?
The future tense form of 'पठ्' in the first person singular is पठिष्यामि.
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NCERT Class 9 Sanskrit — Sharada — Chapter 16 — परिशिष्टम् ५. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.