NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit Deepakam: Chapter 16 — धातुरूपाणि
This chapter, "धातुरूपाणि" (Verb Forms) from NCERT's Class 8 Sanskrit textbook 'Deepakam', focuses on the conjugation of Sanskrit verbs. It systematically presents the forms of common verbs like 'भू' (to be), 'गम्' (to go), 'पा' (to drink), 'नी' (to lead), 'तिष्ठ' (to stand), 'दृश्' (to see), and 'इष्' (to wish) in two important tenses: लट्-लकारः (present tense) and लृट्-लकारः (future tense). For each verb, the chapter provides its forms across the three persons (प्रथम, मध्यम, उत्तम) and three numbers (एकवचन, द्विवचन, बहुवचन). Understanding these verb conjugations is fundamental for constructing grammatically correct sentences and comprehending Sanskrit literature, crucial for CBSE board examinations.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Sanskrit |
| Book | Deepakam |
| Chapter | Chapter 16 — धातुरूपाणि |
| Language | Sanskrit |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 2 minutes |
| Word count | 258 |
Learning outcomes
- Identify and conjugate Sanskrit verbs in the present tense (लट्-लकारः).
- Identify and conjugate Sanskrit verbs in the future tense (लृट्-लकारः).
- Understand the concept of verb persons (पुरुष) and numbers (वचन) in Sanskrit.
- Recognize the verb forms of common roots like भू, गम्, पा, नी, तिष्ठ, दृश्, and इष्.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| धातुरूपाणि | Verb forms |
| लट्-लकारः | Present tense |
| लृट्-लकारः | Future tense |
| पुरुषः | Person (प्रथम, मध्यम, उत्तम) |
| एकवचनम् | Singular number |
| द्विवचनम् | Dual number |
| बहुवचनम् | Plural number |
| भू | To be |
| गम् | To go |
| पा | To drink |
| नी | To lead |
| तिष्ठ | To stand |
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Practice questions
- 'भू'-धातु का उत्तम पुरुष, एकवचन, लट्-लकार में रूप क्या है? Answer: भवामि
- 'गम्'-धातु का प्रथम पुरुष, बहुवचन, लृट्-लकार में रूप क्या है? Answer: गमिष्यन्ति
- 'पा'-धातु का मध्यम पुरुष, द्विवचन, लट्-लकार में रूप क्या है? Answer: पिबथः
- 'नी'-धातु का उत्तम पुरुष, द्विवचन, लृट्-लकार में रूप क्या है? Answer: नेषयावः
Frequently asked questions
What is धातुरूपाणि in Sanskrit?
धातुरूपाणि refers to the different forms a Sanskrit verb (धातु) takes based on tense, mood, person, number, and voice.
What are the two tenses (लकार) covered in this chapter?
This chapter covers the लट्-लकारः (present tense) and लृट्-लकारः (future tense).
Name some common Sanskrit verbs (धातु) presented in the chapter.
Common verbs include भू (to be), गम् (to go), पा (to drink), नी (to lead), तिष्ठ (to stand), दृश् (to see), and इष् (to wish).
What is the difference between प्रथम पुरुष, मध्यम पुरुष, and उत्तम पुरुष?
प्रथम पुरुष is the third person (he/she/it), मध्यम पुरुष is the second person (you), and उत्तम पुरुष is the first person (I/we).
How many numbers (वचन) are there in Sanskrit verb conjugation?
There are three numbers: एकवचनम् (singular), द्विवचनम् (dual), and बहुवचनम् (plural).
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NCERT Class 8 Sanskrit — Deepakam — Chapter 16 — धातुरूपाणि. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.