Human Health and Diseases

Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions

7.1 Common Diseases in Humans

MCQ

1. Select the pathogen mismatched with the symptoms of disease caused by it from the list given below:
2. Entamoeba histolytica: Constipation, abdominal pain.
3. Epidermophyton: Dry scaly lesions on nail.
4. Wuchereria bancrofti: Chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels of lower limb.
5. Haemophilus influenzae: Blockage of the intestinal passage. (2023) 🕕

1. The diagnostic test that confirms typhoid in humans is
2. ELISA (b) Widal
3. MRI (d) amniocentesis. (NCERT Exemplar, 2020) R

VSA. (1 mark)

(2019) R

1. Name two diseases whose spread can be controlled by the eradication of Aedes mosquitoes. (2018)
2. Name the two intermediate hosts which the human liver fluke depends on to complete its life cycle so as to facilitate parasitisation of its primary host.

(Delhi 2014)

1. Why is Gambusia introduced into drains and ponds? (AI 2014)
2. How does haemozoin affect the human body when released in blood during malarial infection? (Foreign 2014)
3. sporozoites and

SAI (2 marks)

1. Ringworm is one of the most common infectious fungal disease in humans. Name any two genera of fungi which cause ringworm and state any of its two symptoms. (Term II, 2021-22) R

(AI 2015C)

1. Name one air borne and a water borne disease in humans. List one specific symptom of each one of them. (2020)
2. Causative organisms of some diseases gain entry into human body through mosquito bites and make humans suffer from the disease.
3. helminthes disease along with the scientific name of the causative organism. (2020C)

List the symptoms of ascariasis. How does a healthy

person acquire this infection? (Al 2014)

SA II (3 marks)

1. "Plasmodium protozoan needs both a mosquito and a human host for its continuity." Explain. (2023) (Ap
2. We all must work towards maintaining good health because 'health is wealth.' Enlist any six ways of achieving good health. (2023) R
3. Compare the symptoms of ascariasis, amoebiasis and elephantiasis. (20.20)
4. (a) Name the causative agents of pneumonia and common cold.
5. How do these differ in their symptoms?
6. Mention two symptoms common to both.

Name a human disease, its causal organism,

symptoms (any three) and vector, spread by intake

of water and food contaminated by human faecal

matter. (AI 2017)

1. (a) State what happens in the human body when malarial parasites infected RBCs burst to release the parasites in the blood.
2. Mention the specific sites in the host body where production of
3. gametocytes takes place in the life cycle of the malarial parasites. (Delhi 2015C) U
4. Mention any two human diseases caused by roundworms. Name their causative agents and their mode of transmission into the human body.

At what stage is Plasmodium picked up by the female

Anopheles? Describe the life cycle of the parasite in

this insect. (AI 2015C)

1. (a) Name the causative organisms for the following diseases:
2. Elephantiasis, (ii) Ringworm, (iii) Amoebiasis
3. How can public hygiene help control such diseases? (Delhi 2014C)

Name one such:

1. protozoan disease along with the scientific name of the causative organism.

(4/5 marks) LA

1. The diagram shows the life cycle of a pathogenic protozoan.

'A' Female (c) (iv) only (d) (iii) and (iv) only

Host Anopheles (2023) R

1. mosquito bites Female mosquito "B" Host bites Y. 'C'

infects the liver

"D" RBC

1. Name the parasitic stage that is being transferred from host 'X' to host 'Y'.
2. Write the changes the parasite undergoes in the liver.
3. Write the changes the parasite undergoes when it enters the RBC.
4. (a) Trace the changes the parasite undergoes when the host 'X' takes its blood meal from infected host 'Y'.

OR

1. (b) At which stage during the life cycle of the pathogen does the host 'Y' experience the symptoms of the disease? Name the disease and the toxic substance responsible for these symptoms. (2023) 4

7.2 Immunity

Innate Immunity

VSA. (1 mark)

(Al 2016)

State the function of interferons. (Al 2019) OR How do cytokine barriers help in evading viral infections? (NCERT Exemplar, Delhi 2015C) [U]

How do cytokine barriers provide innate immunity in humans? (2018)

In what way is monocyte a cellular barrier with reference to immunity? (Delhi 2015 C)

1. Name any two types of cells that act as cellular barriers to provide innate immunity in humans.

(Delhi 2014)

Acquired Immunity

MCQ

1. They are produced in bone marrow.
2. They remain active at all times in the body.
3. They mature in the bone marrow.

(a) The decrease in the T-lymphocytes count in human

blood will result in

1. (b) decrease in antibodies
2. (d) increase in antigens. (2023) U

VSA (1 mark)

Suggest a method to ensure an anamnestic response.

in humans. (Delhi 2017) 🕕

Why is secondary immune response more intense

than the primary immune response in humans?

(Al 2014) Ap

SAI (2 marks)

29. Name the types of acquired immune responses

and the special types of lymphocytes involved in

providing them. (2020)

Differentiate between the roles of B-lymphocytes

and T-lymphocytes in generating immune responses.

(Delhi 2019)

SAII (3 marks)

31. (a) It is generally observed that the children

who had suffered from chicken-pox in their

childhood may not contract the same disease

in their adulthood. Explain giving reasons the

basis of such an immunity in an individual. Name

this kind of immunity. (b) What is the functional difference between B-cells

and T-cells? (Delhi 2015C)

Active and Passive Immunity

MCQ

Assertion: Breast-feeding is advised by the doctor

as it is essential for the new borns.

Reason: Colostrum secreted by the mother during

initial days of lactation has abundant antibodies

containing IgE and IgG.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.

Select the options which is/are incorrect statement(s) with respect to T-lymphocytes in the human body.

1. They are a type of white blood cells. (d) A is false but R is true. (2023) 🔱