Evolution

Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions

6.1 Origin of Life

MCQ

The theory of evolution supported by the (Delhi 2014C) Ev

experiment conducted by Louis Pasteur is

1. Spontaneous generation theory

1. Life comes only from pre-existing life

1. Abiogenesis of life
2. Big bang theory. (2020) Ap

2 Louis Pasteur demonstrated that

1. early life came from outer space
2. non-living chemicals produced living molecules

1. life comes from pre-existing life
2. life originated spontaneously. (2020) Ap

VSA (1 mark)

State the two principle outcomes of the experiments conducted by Louis Pasteur on origin of life. (b)

1. State two postulates of Oparin and Haldane with reference to origin of life. (Al 2017)
2. Write the hypothetical proposals put forth by Oparin and Haldane. (Foreign 2015)

(c)

1. (b) Flippers of dolphins and penguins

SAI (2 marks)

1. What was proposed by Oparin and Haldane on origin of life? How did S.L. Miller's experiment support their proposal? (Foreign 2014) And

SAIL (3 marks)

(Delhi 2015C)

1. State Oparin and Haldane hypothesis. How did S.L. Miller experimentally prove it? Explain.

(2020 C)

1. Describe the experiment that helped Louis Pasteur to dismiss the theory of spontaneous generation of life. (Delhi 2016)

6.3 What are the Evidences for Evolution?

Identify the following pairs as homologous and

analogous organs: (a) Sweet potato and potato (d)

1. (c) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita

VSA (1 mark)

1. Mention one example each from plants and animals

exhibiting divergent evolution. (2019)

State a reason for the increased population of dark coloured moths coinciding with the loss of lichens (on tree barks) during industrialisation period in England. (Delhi 2015)

1. Why are analogous structures a result of convergent evolution? (Al 2014)
2. Name the type of evolution that has resulted in the development of structures like wings of butterfly and bird. What are such structures called?

(2 marks)

How is the study of fossils an evidence of evolution

of life forms which have taken place on the earth?

Explain giving two reasons. (2020) 🛭

1. Wings of birds and wings of butterflies contribute to locomotion. Explain the type of evolution such organs are a result of. (2020) (Ev
2. (a) Select the homologous structures from the combinations given below:
3. Forelimbs of whales and bats
4. Tuber of potato and sweet potato
5. Eyes of octopus and mammals
6. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita.
7. Select two pairs from the following which exhibit divergent evolution. Give reasons for your answer.
8. Forelimbs of whales and mammals (Al 2015)
9. Explain divergent evolution with two examples. (Foreign 2015)
10. Is sweet potato analogous or homologous to potato tuber? Give reasons to support your answer.
11. Explain with the help of an example the type of evolution homology is based on. (Delhi 2015C)
12. State the evolutionary relationship giving reasons between the thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita. (AI 2015C)
13. Explain how natural selection operates in nature by taking an example of white winged and dark winged moths of England. (NCERT Exemplar, Al 2014C)

SAII (3 marks)

23. Industrial melanism in England after 1850 is an

excellent example of Natural selection. Explain how?

(2023) U

SAI (2 marks)

1. Analogous organs are a result of convergent evolution. Justify with the help of suitable example for each. (2020) Ap
2. "Appearance of melanised moths post-industriali- sation in England is a classic example of evolution by natural selection." Explain. (2019)
3. (a) Differentiate between analogous and homologous structures.
4. Select and write analogous structures from the list given below:

(3 marks) SAII

1. Wings of butterfly and birds
2. Vertebrate hearts
3. Tendrils of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita
4. Tubers of sweet potato and potato (2018)
5. Differentiate between homology and analogy. Give one example of each. (Al 2016)

Differentiate between divergent and convergent evolution. Give one example of each. (Al 2016)

1. Explain convergent evolution with the help of two examples. (Foreign 2015)
2. What are analogous structures? How are they different from homologous structures? Provide one example for each. (Foreign 2015)
3. How did industrialisation play a role in natural selection of light and dark coloured moth in England? (Delhi 2015C) (cr
4. How does the study of fossils support evolution? Explain. (AI 2015C)

LΑ (5 marks)

1. (a) Differentiate between analogy and homology giving one example each of plant and animal respectively.
2. How are they considered as an evidence in support of evolution? (Delhi 2016) U

6.4 What is Adaptive Radiation?

MCQ

VSA (1 mark)

1. How did Charles Darwin express 'fitness'? (Delhi 2019) U
2. Identify the option that gives the correct type of evolution exhibited by the two animals shown, living in the same habitat in Australia.

Mouse.

Marsupial mouse

1. Convergent evolution
2. Disruptive selection
3. Divergent evolution

(2023) U

1. Homologous ancestry

Identify any two marsupials from the list given

below:

1. Lemur, (ii) Spotted cuscus, (iii) Flying

phalanger, (iv) Bobcat, (v) Tasmanian wolf,

1. Mole

1. "Australian marsupials exhibit adaptive radiation". Justify the statement. (2020) (Ap)
2. (a) How did Darwin explain adaptive radiation?
3. Give another example exhibiting adaptive radiation. (3/5, Delhi 2016)
4. Explain adaptive radiation with the help of a suitable example. (NCERT, Delhi 2015)
5. What is adaptive radiation? When can adaptive radiation be referred to as convergent evolution? Give an example. (Delhi 2015)
6. Explain the interpretation of Charles Darwin when he observed a variety of small black birds on Galapagos islands. (Delhi 2015)
7. (a) Explain adaptive radiation with the help of a suitable example.
8. Cite an example where more than one adaptive radiation have occurred in an isolated geographical area. Name the type of a evolution your example depict and state why it is so named. (Al 2014) (Ap

(5 marks)

1. (a) How do the observations made during moth collection in pre- and post-industrialised era in England support evolution by natural selection?
2. Explain the phenomenon that is well represented by Darwin's finches other than natural selection. (Delhi 2017)

6.5 Biological Evolution

43. What role does an individual organism play as per

Darwin's theory of natural selection? (Delhi 2017)

SAI (2 marks)

Name the scientist who influenced Darwin and how?

(2/5, Delhi 2016)

Explain Darwinian theory of evolution with the help

of one suitable example. State the two key concept

of the theory. (2/5, Delhi 2014)