CBSE Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 11: जब सिनेमा ने बोलना सीखा - NCERT Solutions
This chapter delves into the fascinating transition of Indian cinema from silent films to talkies, focusing on the landmark film 'Alam Ara'. It explores the challenges and innovations involved in making the first talking film, highlighting the contributions of its pioneers like Ardeshir M. Irani. The solutions also touch upon the technological advancements and their impact on actors, audiences, and filmmaking techniques. Additionally, the chapter briefly introduces the concept of dubbing and the linguistic aspects of Hindi cinema. These NCERT Solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations to help students grasp the historical and technical evolution of cinema, aiding in their exam preparation by clarifying key concepts and historical events.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | वसंत |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | Hindi |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | 11. जब सिनेमा ने बोलना सीखा - प्रदीप तिवारी ; कंप्यूटर गाएगा गीत ऋत्विक घटक |
Chapter summary
Chapter 11 of CBSE Class 8 Hindi Vasant presents two distinct pieces. The first part, 'Jab Cinema Ne Bolna Seekha', chronicles the dawn of talkies in Indian cinema with 'Alam Ara', discussing its production, challenges, and impact. The second part, 'Computer Gaayega Geet', is a brief mention of technological integration in music. These NCERT Solutions focus on understanding the historical context of early Indian cinema, the technical shifts from silent to sound films, and the role of key personalities.
Learning outcomes
- Understand the historical significance of the first Indian talking film, 'Alam Ara'.
- Identify the key individuals involved in the making of early talkies.
- Explain the technical and artistic changes brought about by the advent of sound in cinema.
- Analyze the impact of talking films on actors and the audience.
- Define the concept of film dubbing and its potential technical issues.
- Recognize the role of prefixes in forming new words and understanding their meanings.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- First Indian talking film 'Alam Ara'
- Pioneers of Indian cinema (Ardeshir M. Irani)
- Transition from silent to sound films
- Impact of sound on actors and audience
- Technical changes in filmmaking
- Dubbing in films
- Linguistic aspects of Hindi cinema
- Role of prefixes in Hindi
- Comparison of silent and talking cinema
Important topics
- The making of 'Alam Ara'
- Challenges in early talkies
- Impact of sound on cinema
- The role of Ardeshir M. Irani
- Understanding prefixes
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Questions and Solutions
प्रश्न 1
प्रश्न 2
प्रश्न 3
प्रश्न 4
प्रश्न 5
अभिनेताओं पर प्रभाव: बोलती फिल्मों में संवाद बोलना आवश्यक हो गया, इसलिए अभिनेताओं के लिए शिक्षित होना और स्पष्ट उच्चारण करना महत्वपूर्ण हो गया। शारीरिक अभिनय के साथ-साथ संवाद अदायगी भी एक प्रमुख कौशल बन गई।
दर्शकों पर प्रभाव: बोलती फिल्मों ने दर्शकों को अभिनेताओं से और अधिक भावनात्मक रूप से जोड़ा। लोकप्रिय नायक-नायिकाएं दर्शकों के लिए आदर्श बन गईं, और महिलाएं अभिनेत्रियों की केशसज्जा (हेयरस्टाइल) और कपड़ों की नकल करने लगीं।
तकनीकी परिवर्तन: दृश्य और श्रव्य माध्यमों के एक साथ आने से तकनीकी दृष्टि से कई परिवर्तन हुए। पहले जहाँ शूटिंग केवल दिन के उजाले में ही संभव थी, वहीं अब रात में भी शूटिंग की जाने लगी। वाद्य-यंत्रों और गीत-संगीत का प्रयोग बढ़ गया। हिंदी-उर्दू के मेल वाली 'हिंदुस्तानी भाषा' की लोकप्रियता में भी वृद्धि हुई, क्योंकि यह आम जनता के बीच आसानी से समझी जाती थी।
प्रश्न 6
कभी-कभी डब फिल्मों में यह समस्या देखी जाती है कि अभिनेता के मुँह खोलने की गति और आवाज़ के बोलने की गति में अंतर आ जाता है। इसके कई कारण हो सकते हैं:
- गति का अंतर: डबिंग करने वाले व्यक्ति की बोलने की गति मूल अभिनेता की बोलने की गति से भिन्न हो सकती है। यदि डबिंग कलाकार बहुत तेज़ी से या बहुत धीरे बोलता है, तो यह अंतर स्पष्ट दिखाई देता है।
- तकनीकी समस्याएँ: डबिंग प्रक्रिया के दौरान या संपादन (editing) के समय कोई तकनीकी खराबी आ सकती है, जिससे आवाज़ और होंठों के हिलने के बीच तालमेल बिगड़ सकता है।
- अनुवाद की समस्या: कभी-कभी संवादों का अनुवाद करते समय मूल भाव को बनाए रखने के चक्कर में शब्दों की संख्या या वाक्य संरचना बदल जाती है, जिससे होंठों के हिलने के साथ आवाज़ का मेल नहीं खा पाता।
प्रश्न 7
दिए गए शब्दों के साथ 'स' उपसर्ग लगाकर नए शब्द और उनके अर्थ इस प्रकार हैं:
- हित (Hit): अर्थ - लाभ, भलाई।
- सहित (Sahit): अर्थ - साथ में, युक्त।
- परिवार (Parivar): अर्थ - घर के सदस्य।
- सपरिवार (Saparivar): अर्थ - परिवार के साथ।
- विनय (Vinay): अर्थ - नम्रता, प्रार्थना।
- सविनय (Savinay): अर्थ - नम्रतापूर्वक, विनय के साथ।
- चित्र (Chitra): अर्थ - तस्वीर, चित्रकारी।
- सचित्र (Sachitra): अर्थ - चित्र के साथ, चित्र सहित।
- बल (Bal): अर्थ - शक्ति, जोर।
- सबल (Sabal): अर्थ - बलवान, शक्तिशाली।
- सम्मान (Samman): अर्थ - आदर, इज्जत।
- सम्मान (Samman): यहाँ 'स' उपसर्ग नहीं है, बल्कि 'सम्' उपसर्ग है जिसका अर्थ है 'पूर्ण' या 'अच्छी तरह'। यदि 'स' उपसर्ग का प्रयोग करें तो 'समान' (Saman) शब्द बनता है जिसका अर्थ है 'बराबर'। हालाँकि, दिए गए संदर्भ में 'सम्मान' शब्द में 'सम्' उपसर्ग ही मान्य है।
प्रश्न 8
पाठ में आए कुछ उपसर्ग और प्रत्यय युक्त शब्दों के उदाहरण इस प्रकार हैं:
- उपसर्ग युक्त शब्द:
- 'स' उपसर्ग से: सजीव (जीव के साथ), सवाक् (वाक् के साथ), सपरिवार (परिवार के साथ), सविनय (विनय के साथ), सचित्र (चित्र के साथ), सबल (बल के साथ)।
- अन्य उपसर्गों से: पहली (यहाँ 'पहला' विशेषण है, प्रत्यय नहीं), प्रदर्शित (प्र + दर्शित), निर्माता (निर्मित + आ), निर्देशक (निर् + देशक), लोकप्रिय (लोक + प्रिय)।
- प्रत्यय युक्त शब्द:
- बोलती (बोलना + ती), बोलता (बोलना + ता), पहली (पहला + ई), भारतीय (भारत + ईय), तकनीकी (तकनीक + ई), ऐतिहासिक (ऐतिहासिक + क), लोकप्रिय (लोक + प्रिय)।
यह उदाहरण छात्रों को उपसर्ग और प्रत्यय की पहचान करने और उनके प्रयोग को समझने में मदद करते हैं।
Common mistakes
- Confusing the number of actors with the number of characters in 'Alam Ara'.
- Not clearly distinguishing between the challenges of silent films and talking films.
- Misunderstanding the technical reasons behind lip-sync issues in dubbed films.
- Incorrectly applying prefixes or failing to explain the change in meaning.
Revision tips
- Focus on the timeline of Indian cinema's transition from silent to sound.
- Pay attention to the specific details about the film 'Alam Ara' and its production.
- Understand the roles of Ardeshir M. Irani and the actor Vithal.
- Review the definitions and examples of prefixes provided in the language section.
- Practice explaining the impact of sound on different aspects of filmmaking.
Practice MCQs
Q1. What was the main slogan used in the posters for the first talking film?
Explanation: The posters advertised the film with phrases like "They are alive, breathing, 100% speaking, seventy-eight dead men have come alive, watch them speak and converse."
Q2. Who was the director and producer of India's first talking film, 'Alam Ara'?
Explanation: Ardeshir M. Irani was the filmmaker who was inspired to make the first talking film and directed 'Alam Ara'.
Q3. What inspired Ardeshir M. Irani to make a talking film?
Explanation: Ardeshir M. Irani saw the Hollywood talking film 'Show Boat' in 1929, which sparked his interest in creating a similar film in India.
Q4. Why was actor Vithal initially removed from 'Alam Ara'?
Explanation: Vithal was removed from the film because he faced difficulties in speaking Urdu dialogues, which were crucial for the film.
Q5. What technical change occurred in filmmaking after the advent of sound?
Explanation: With sound recording technology, filmmakers were no longer restricted to daylight shooting and could conduct filming at night as well.
Q6. What does 'dubbing' a film mean?
Explanation: Dubbing involves providing a different voice for an actor's performance, often done when the original actor's voice is not suitable or available.
Q7. The prefix 'स' (sa) when added to 'हित' (hit) forms which word?
Explanation: Adding the prefix 'स' (sa) to the word 'हित' (hit) creates 'सहित' (Sahit), meaning 'with' or 'along with'.
Frequently asked questions
What is the significance of the film 'Alam Ara' in Indian cinema history?
'Alam Ara', released in 1931, holds immense significance as it was India's first-ever talking film, marking a revolutionary shift from silent movies to sound cinema.
Who is considered the 'Father of Indian Talkies' and why?
Ardeshir M. Irani is often called the 'Father of Indian Talkies' for his pioneering effort in producing and directing 'Alam Ara', the first Indian film with sound.
What were the main changes in cinema after it started talking?
After cinema began talking, actors needed to speak dialogues, leading to changes in acting styles. Audiences became more influenced by stars, and technical aspects like night shooting and the use of music and songs became prominent.
Why might there be a mismatch between a dubbed actor's lip movement and their voice?
A mismatch can occur if the dubbing artist's speaking pace differs from the original actor's, or due to technical glitches during the dubbing or editing process.
How does the prefix 'स' (sa) change the meaning of words?
The prefix 'स' (sa) generally indicates accompaniment or presence, transforming words like 'हित' (benefit) into 'सहित' (together with) or 'परिवार' (family) into 'सपरिवार' (with family).
What is the difference between a prefix and a suffix?
A prefix is added to the beginning of a word to form a new word, while a suffix is added to the end. Both modify the meaning of the original word.
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