CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 7: Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 7 PDF

This chapter delves into the fundamental concepts of weather and climate, explaining the elements that define them and how they differ. It explores the characteristics of various climates found in different regions of India, such as Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Rajasthan, and North-east India. The solutions also cover the fascinating adaptations of animals to survive in extreme environments like tropical rainforests and polar regions. Students will learn about features like white fur, layers of fat, migration, and specific dietary habits that help animals thrive. These NCERT Solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations for all exercises, aiding students in understanding the nuances of weather patterns, climatic conditions, and animal adaptations, making it an excellent resource for exam preparation and revision.

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BoardCBSE
ClassClass 7
SubjectScience
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 7: Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate

Chapter summary

Chapter 7 of CBSE Class 7 Science focuses on understanding the difference between weather and climate. It details the elements that constitute weather and explains how climate is the average weather over a long period. The chapter also examines the diverse climates across India and the specific adaptations animals have developed to survive in contrasting environments like hot, wet tropical rainforests and extremely cold polar regions. The NCERT Solutions offer comprehensive answers to all questions, reinforcing these key concepts.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the elements that determine the weather of a place.
  • Differentiate between weather and climate.
  • Identify the characteristics of different types of climates in India.
  • Explain the adaptations of animals to tropical rainforests.
  • Describe the adaptations of animals to polar regions.
  • Relate animal characteristics to their specific climatic environments.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Weather
  • Climate
  • Elements of Weather
  • Temperature
  • Humidity
  • Rainfall
  • Wind Speed
  • Climate of India
  • Tropical Rainforests
  • Polar Regions
  • Animal Adaptations
  • Migration

Important topics

  • Difference between Weather and Climate
  • Climate of Different Regions of India
  • Adaptations for Tropical Rainforests
  • Adaptations for Polar Regions
  • Elements of Weather

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Questions and Solutions

Exercises

Question 1

Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Solution: The elements that determine the weather of a place are temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and air pressure. These factors collectively describe the atmospheric conditions at a specific location and time.

Question 2

When are the maximum and minimum temperatures likely to occur during the day?
Solution: The maximum temperature during a day generally occurs in the afternoon, after the sun has heated the Earth's surface for several hours. The minimum temperature usually occurs in the early morning, just before sunrise, when the Earth has lost heat throughout the night.

Question 3

Fill in the blanks:
  1. The average weather taken over a long time is called _____.
  2. A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be _____ and ____.
  3. The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are _____ and _____.
Solution:
  1. The average weather taken over a long time is called climate.
  2. A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be hot and dry.
  3. The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are polar regions and tropical regions.

Question 4

Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:

(a) Jammu and Kashmir: ______

(b) Kerala: _____

(c) Rajasthan: _____

(d) North-east India: _____

Solution: The climate of the given areas can be described as follows: (a) Jammu and Kashmir: This region experiences a climate that is moderately hot and wet for part of the year, but it becomes extremely cold during the winter months. (b) Kerala: Kerala has a very hot and wet climate, characteristic of coastal areas that are close to the equator. (c) Rajasthan: Rajasthan generally has a hot and dry climate. The temperature remains high for most of the year, although winters can be quite cold for a few months, and rainfall is very scarce. (d) North-east India: This region experiences a wet climate because it receives rainfall for a significant portion of the year.

Question 5

Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?
Solution: Weather changes frequently. While climate describes long-term patterns, weather can change within minutes, hours, or days.

Question 6

Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
  1. Diets heavy on fruits
  2. White fur
  3. Need to migrate
  4. Loud voice
  5. Sticky pads on feet
  6. Layer of fat under skin
  7. Wide and large paws
  8. Bright colours
  9. Strong tails
  10. Long and large beak

For each characteristic indicate whether it is an adaptation for tropical rainforests or Polar Regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?

Solution:

The characteristics are adaptations for specific regions as follows:

Adaptations for Tropical Rainforests:

  1. Diets heavy on fruits
  2. Loud voice
  3. Sticky pads on feet (for climbing trees)
  4. Bright colours (for camouflage or warning)
  5. Strong tails (for balance and grip)
  6. Long and large beak (for reaching food)

Adaptations for Polar Regions:

  1. White fur (for camouflage in snow)
  2. Need to migrate (to escape extreme cold or find food)
  3. Layer of fat under skin (for insulation against cold)
  4. Wide and large paws (for walking on snow and ice)

Regarding whether some characteristics can be adapted for both regions: Generally, these specific adaptations are highly specialized for either the warm, wet conditions of the rainforest or the extreme cold of the polar regions. For instance, white fur is advantageous in snow but would make an animal conspicuous in a green rainforest. Similarly, a thick layer of fat is crucial for insulation in polar cold but could lead to overheating in a tropical climate. Therefore, most of these listed characteristics are suited to one extreme environment and not the other.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing weather with climate.
  • Incorrectly associating animal adaptations with the wrong climate type.
  • Not fully describing the characteristics of different Indian climates.

Revision tips

  • Focus on the key difference between weather and climate.
  • Memorize the typical climate of each region mentioned (Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Rajasthan, North-east India).
  • Create a table to list animal adaptations for tropical rainforests and polar regions.
  • Review the definitions of climate and weather elements.
  • Practice identifying which animal features suit which environment.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following is NOT an element that determines the weather of a place?

Q2. What is the average weather taken over a long time called?

Q3. In which part of the day is the maximum temperature usually recorded?

Q4. Which of these is a characteristic adaptation for animals in Polar Regions?

Q5. Which region is characterized by very little rainfall and high temperatures throughout the year?

Frequently asked questions

What are the main elements that determine the weather of a place?

The main elements that determine the weather of a place include temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and air pressure.

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather refers to the day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place, while climate is the average weather pattern of a region over a long period, typically many years.

Which Indian states/regions have a hot and dry climate?

Rajasthan is an example of a region in India with a hot and dry climate, experiencing high temperatures and very little rainfall for most of the year.

What are some adaptations of animals living in polar regions?

Animals in polar regions often have adaptations like white fur for camouflage, a thick layer of fat under the skin for insulation, and wide paws for walking on snow.

How do these NCERT Solutions help students?

These solutions provide clear, step-by-step answers to all exercises in Chapter 7, helping students understand complex concepts like weather, climate, and animal adaptations, and prepare effectively for their exams.

What kind of adaptations are found in animals of tropical rainforests?

Animals in tropical rainforests may have adaptations such as diets heavy on fruits, loud voices, sticky pads on feet for climbing, strong tails for balance, and bright colours for camouflage or signaling.

Important links

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