CBSE Class 7 Science Exemplar Chapter 12: Reproduction in Plants NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 7 PDF

This chapter delves into the fascinating world of plant reproduction, a fundamental concept in Class 7 Science. The NCERT Solutions for Chapter 12, "Reproduction in Plants," provide clear explanations and step-by-step solutions to help students understand the various methods plants use to reproduce. Key topics covered include sexual reproduction involving flowers, fruits, and seeds, as well as asexual reproduction methods like fragmentation and vegetative propagation. The solutions also explain the different ways seeds are dispersed by natural agents like wind. This resource is designed to aid students in grasping complex biological processes, reinforcing their learning, and preparing effectively for their examinations by offering comprehensive and easy-to-understand answers.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 7
SubjectScience Exemplar
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 12

Chapter summary

Chapter 12 of the CBSE Class 7 Science Exemplar focuses on Reproduction in Plants. The NCERT Solutions cover essential concepts such as the roles of flowers, fruits, and seeds in sexual reproduction, and methods of asexual reproduction like fragmentation. It also explains the mechanisms of seed dispersal, highlighting adaptations that aid in wind, water, and animal dispersal. These solutions aim to provide a clear understanding of how plants reproduce and spread.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the process of sexual reproduction in plants.
  • Identify the parts of a flower involved in reproduction.
  • Explain different methods of asexual reproduction, including fragmentation.
  • Describe how seeds are dispersed by various agents.
  • Recognize vegetative propagation in plants like potato and Bryophyllum.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Reproduction in Plants
  • Sexual Reproduction
  • Asexual Reproduction
  • Flowers as Reproductive Organs
  • Fruits and Seeds
  • Fragmentation
  • Vegetative Propagation
  • Seed Dispersal
  • Dispersal by Wind
  • Bryophyllum Leaf Buds
  • Potato Eyes (Vegetative Buds)
  • Ovules and Ovaries

Important topics

  • Sexual Reproduction in Plants
  • Asexual Reproduction Methods
  • Seed Dispersal Mechanisms
  • Vegetative Propagation Examples
  • Role of Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds

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Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Which of the following parts of a plant take part in sexual reproduction?
  1. Flower
  2. Seed
  3. Fruit
  4. Branch
Choose the correct answer from below.
  1. (i) and (ii)
  2. (i), (ii) and (iii)
  3. (iii) and (iv)
  4. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Solution: The correct answer is (b) (i), (ii) and (iii).

Sexual reproduction in plants primarily involves the flower, which contains the reproductive organs. After fertilization occurs within the flower, the ovary of the flower develops into the fruit, and the ovules inside the ovary develop into seeds. Therefore, flowers, seeds, and fruits are all integral parts of the sexual reproduction process in plants.

Question 2

Lila observed that a pond with clear water was covered up with a green algae within a week. By which method of reproduction did the algae spread so rapidly?
  1. Budding
  2. Sexual reproduction
  3. Fragmentation
  4. Pollination
Solution: The correct answer is (c) Fragmentation.

Algae, like many other simple aquatic organisms, can reproduce very quickly through fragmentation. In this method, the algal body breaks into two or more pieces, called fragments. Each fragment is capable of growing into a new, complete individual. This process allows the algae to spread rapidly and cover a large area in a short amount of time, as observed by Lila in the pond.

Question 3

Seeds of drumstick and maple are carried to long distances by wind because they possess:
  1. winged seeds
  2. large and hairy seeds
  3. long and ridged fruits
  4. spiny seeds
Solution: The correct answer is (a) winged seeds.

Plants have evolved various mechanisms for seed dispersal to ensure their survival and spread to new areas. Seeds of plants like drumstick and maple have developed wing-like structures. These wings help the seeds to catch the wind easily and travel long distances, allowing for effective dispersal by air currents. Other seeds might have features like hairiness, lightness, or buoyancy for wind dispersal, or hooks for animal dispersal.

Question 4

The 'eye' of the potato plant is what:
  1. the root is to any plant.
  2. the bud is to a flower.
  3. the bud is to Bryophyllum leaf.
  4. the anther is to stamen
Solution: The correct answer is (c) the bud is to Bryophyllum leaf.

The 'eyes' on a potato are actually nodes on the modified stem (tuber) from which new shoots and roots can grow. These are essentially vegetative buds. Similarly, a Bryophyllum leaf has vegetative buds along its margins that can develop into new plants. Therefore, the 'eye' of a potato is analogous to the bud found on a Bryophyllum leaf, as both are structures capable of vegetative propagation.

Question 5

The ovaries of different flowers may contain:
  1. only one ovule
  2. many ovules
  3. one to many ovules
  4. only two ovules
Solution: The correct answer is (c) one to many ovules.

The ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of a flower, called the pistil or carpel. Inside the ovary are ovules, which contain the female gametes. The number of ovules present in the ovary can vary significantly among different plant species. Some flowers may have just a single ovule in their ovary, while others can have numerous ovules. This variation is a characteristic feature of different flowering plants.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing asexual and sexual reproduction methods.
  • Misidentifying the reproductive parts of a plant.
  • Not understanding the role of adaptations in seed dispersal.
  • Confusing vegetative propagation with other reproductive methods.

Revision tips

  • Review the diagrams of flower parts and their functions.
  • Create flashcards for different reproduction methods and examples.
  • Practice identifying adaptations for seed dispersal in various plants.
  • Explain the concepts of fragmentation and vegetative propagation in your own words.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following plant parts are primarily involved in sexual reproduction?

Q2. A rapid spread of green algae in a pond is most likely due to which method of reproduction?

Q3. Seeds of drumstick and maple are adapted for dispersal by wind because they possess:

Q4. The 'eye' of a potato is a type of:

Q5. What is the typical range of ovules found in the ovaries of flowers?

Frequently asked questions

What are the main methods of reproduction in plants covered in this chapter?

This chapter covers sexual reproduction, which involves flowers, fruits, and seeds, and asexual reproduction, including methods like fragmentation and vegetative propagation.

How do plants like drumstick and maple disperse their seeds?

Seeds of drumstick and maple have wing-like structures that help them to be carried away by the wind over long distances.

What is the 'eye' of a potato, and how does it relate to reproduction?

The 'eye' of a potato is a vegetative bud. These buds can grow into new potato plants, demonstrating vegetative propagation.

What is fragmentation in the context of plant reproduction?

Fragmentation is a method of asexual reproduction where an organism breaks into pieces (fragments), and each fragment grows into a new individual. This is common in algae.

Can the ovary of a flower have different numbers of ovules?

Yes, the ovary of a flower can contain one ovule or many ovules, depending on the specific plant species.

How do these NCERT Solutions help Class 7 students?

These solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations for each question, helping students understand the concepts of plant reproduction and seed dispersal for better learning and exam preparation.

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