CBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 4: Agriculture NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 10 PDF

This chapter delves into the fundamental aspects of agriculture, a crucial sector of the Indian economy. Students will explore various types of crops, including food crops, beverage crops, and plantation crops, understanding the specific geographical and climatic conditions required for their cultivation. The solutions cover key concepts like Rabi and Kharif seasons, the significance of leguminous crops for soil fertility, and government support mechanisms like the Minimum Support Price (MSP). Detailed explanations are provided for the growth requirements of important crops like tea. These NCERT Solutions are designed to help students grasp the complexities of agriculture, prepare effectively for their board examinations, and develop a deeper appreciation for this vital industry.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 10
SubjectSocial Science
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 17

Chapter summary

Chapter 4 of the Class 10 Social Science textbook focuses on Agriculture. The NCERT Solutions provide clear explanations for different types of farming, such as plantation agriculture. It details the characteristics of Rabi and Kharif crops, with Gram being highlighted as a Rabi crop. The importance of leguminous crops for soil enrichment is also explained. Furthermore, the solutions cover government support for farmers through the Minimum Support Price and the specific cultivation requirements for beverage crops like tea.

Learning outcomes

  • Identify different types of agricultural systems.
  • Distinguish between Rabi and Kharif crops.
  • Understand the role of leguminous crops in agriculture.
  • Explain the concept of Minimum Support Price (MSP).
  • Describe the geographical conditions necessary for growing tea.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Types of Agriculture
  • Plantation Agriculture
  • Rabi Crops
  • Kharif Crops
  • Leguminous Crops
  • Beverage Crops
  • Tea Cultivation
  • Geographical Conditions for Crops
  • Minimum Support Price (MSP)
  • Government Support for Farmers

Important topics

  • Rabi and Kharif Crop Characteristics
  • Geographical Conditions for Tea
  • Role of Leguminous Crops
  • Minimum Support Price (MSP)
  • Types of Agriculture

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Questions and Solutions

Question 1A

Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
  1. Shifting agriculture
  2. Plantation agriculture
  3. Horticulture
  4. Intensive agriculture
Solution: Plantation agriculture is a system where a single crop is cultivated extensively over a large area. This method is often used for commercial crops like tea, coffee, or rubber. While it can be economically efficient for specific crops, it can also lead to a depletion of soil nutrients if not managed properly.

Question 1B

Which one of the following is a Rabi crop?
  1. Paddy
  2. Gram
  3. Jowar
  4. Soya bean
Solution: Gram is a Rabi crop. Rabi crops are typically sown around mid-November, after the monsoon rains have receded, and are harvested in the months of April and May. Other examples of Rabi crops include wheat, barley, and mustard.

Question 1C

Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
  1. Pulses
  2. Jowar
  1. Millets
  2. Sesame
Solution: Pulses are leguminous crops. Leguminous plants belong to the pea family (Fabaceae). A key characteristic of these plants is their ability to form a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. These bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plants can use, thereby enriching the soil with nitrogen.

Question 1D

Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
  1. Maximum support price
  2. Minimum support price
  3. Moderate support price
  4. Influential support price
Solution: The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is announced by the government in support of a crop. The MSP is a price floor that the government uses to purchase crops from farmers, regardless of market fluctuations. This policy aims to provide price stability and encourage farmers to continue their agricultural activities.

Question 2A

Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Solution: Tea is an important beverage crop widely consumed across India.

The geographical conditions required for its growth are:

  1. Climate: Tea plants grow best in tropical and sub-tropical climates. They require a constant warm and moist climate throughout the year, with temperatures ideally ranging between 20°C to 30°C. Adequate rainfall, typically around 150 cm to 250 cm annually, is crucial, and it should be well-distributed.
  2. Soil: Fertile, well-drained soil is essential for tea cultivation. The soil should be rich in humus and organic matter, with a slightly acidic pH (around 4.5 to 5.5). Deep rooting is facilitated by well-drained soil, preventing waterlogging.
  3. Topography: Hilly slopes are often preferred as they provide good drainage and allow sunlight to reach the plants effectively.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing different types of agricultural systems.
  • Incorrectly classifying crops into Rabi or Kharif seasons.
  • Not understanding the soil enrichment properties of leguminous crops.
  • Misinterpreting the purpose of government support prices for crops.

Revision tips

  • Focus on understanding the definitions and examples of different crop types.
  • Memorize the key characteristics and sowing/harvesting times for Rabi and Kharif crops.
  • Pay attention to the specific geographical conditions required for major crops like tea.
  • Review the concept of Minimum Support Price and its importance for farmers.

Practice MCQs

Q1. What type of agriculture involves growing a single crop over a large area?

Q2. Which of the following is classified as a Rabi crop?

Q3. What is a key characteristic of leguminous crops?

Q4. What is the purpose of the Minimum Support Price (MSP)?

Q5. Which beverage crop requires a warm, moist climate and well-drained, fertile soil rich in humus?

Frequently asked questions

What is the main focus of Chapter 4: Agriculture for Class 10 Social Science?

Chapter 4 focuses on various aspects of agriculture, including different farming systems like plantation agriculture, the distinction between Rabi and Kharif crops, the importance of leguminous crops, and government support mechanisms like the Minimum Support Price (MSP).

What are the key geographical conditions needed for growing tea?

Tea requires a tropical or sub-tropical climate with consistent warmth and moisture throughout the year. The soil must be fertile, well-drained, and rich in humus and organic matter.

Why are leguminous crops important in agriculture?

Leguminous crops are important because they have symbiotic bacteria in their roots that fix atmospheric nitrogen, which helps in enriching the soil's fertility naturally.

What does the Minimum Support Price (MSP) signify?

The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a price announced by the government that acts as a minimum guaranteed price for farmers to sell their crops, encouraging them to continue cultivation.

How do these NCERT Solutions help students?

These solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations for each question, helping students understand complex concepts, revise effectively, and prepare thoroughly for their Class 10 Social Science examinations.

Important links

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