CBSE Class 12th Biology Question Paper Solved Last 10 Years with Solution

Here we are providing CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 6 to 12 solved with soutions CBSE Class 12th Biology Question Paper Solved Last 10 Years with Solution Biology sample paper class 12, Biology previous year question paper class 12, cbse class 12 Biology sample paper, cbse class 12 Biology sample paper 2020, Biology sample paper class 12 2020, cbse sample paper 2020 class 12 Biology, class 12 Biology s Practice of previous year question papers and sample papers protects each and every student to score bad marks in exams.If any student of CBSE Board continuously practices last year question paper student will easily score high marks in tests. Fortunately earlier year question papers can assist the understudies with scoring great in the tests. Unraveling previous year question paper class 12 Biology is significant for understudies who will show up for Class 12 Board tests.

Class 12 Subject Biology Paper Set 5 with Solutions

SECTION - A

Question 1: (Marks 1)

Which one of the following part of the plant when put into the soil is likely to produce new offspring ?

(a) Part of an internode

(b) A stem cutting with a node

(d) A flower

Answer :

(b) / a stem cutting with a node

Question 2: (Marks 1)

In a bacterium when RNA-polymerase binds to the promoter on a transcription unit during transcription, it (a) terminates the process

(b) helps remove introns

(d) inactivates the exons

Answer :

Question 3: (Marks 1)

The hypothesis that “Life originated from non-living organic pre-existing molecules was proposed by

(a) Oparin and Haldane

(b) Louis Pasteur

(d) Hugo de Vries

Answer :

(a) / Oparin and Haldane

Question 4: (Marks 4)

Mating of a superior male of a breed of a cattle to a superior female of another breed is called

(a) in breeding

(b) out crossing

(d) cross breeding

Large-holes in ‘Swiss-Cheese’ are due to

(a) Propionibacterium sharmanii

(b) Saccharomyces cerevisae

(d) Acetobacter aceti

Answer :

(d) / cross breeding

(a) / Propionibacterium sharmanii

Question 5: (Marks 1)

Increased concentration of DDT in fish-eating birds is due to

(a) eutrophication

(b) bio-magnification

(d) accelerated eutrophication

Species-Area relationship is represented on a log scale as

(a) hyperbola

(b) rectangular hyperbola

(d) inverted

Answer :

(b) / bio-magnification

SECTION - B

(Q Nos. 6-12 are of two marks each)

Question 6: (Marks 2)

State two advantages of an apomictic seed to a farmer.

Answer :

There is no segregation of characters in apomictic seeds ,

the farmers can keep on using the hybrid seeds to raise new crops year after year / desired varieties can be cultivated year after year ,

hybrid characters can be preserved ,

the farmers do not have to buy hybrid seeds every year

Any two

Question 7: (Marks 2)

Explain when is a genetic code said to be

(a) Degenerate

(b) Universal

Answer :

(a) Some amino acids are coded by more than one codon / explained with any correct example

(b) A particular codon codes for the same amino acid in all organisms / as an example from bacteria to human UUU would code for phenylalanine (Phe) / any other correct example

Question 8: (Marks 2)

Differentiate between opioids and cannabinoids on the basis of their

(a) specific receptor site in human body.

(b) mode of action in human body.

Answer :

Differentiate between opioids and cannabinoids on the basis of their

Question 9: (Marks 2)

(a) Name the two techniques employed to meet the increasing demand of fish in the world.

(b) Name any two fresh water fishes.

Describe the contributions of Alexander Fleming, Ernest Chain and Howard Florey in the field of microbiology.

Answer :

(a) Aquaculture , Pisciculture

(b) Catla / Catla catla , Rohu / Labeo rohita , Common Carp , Clarias / Magur , Anabas / Climbing Perch , Calbasu , Mrigal / Cirrhina mrigala , Singhara / Mystus , Singhi / Hetropneustes

(Any two)

(Alexander Fleming) - discoverd antibiotic Penicillin ,

(Ernest Chain & Howard Florey) - its full potential as an effective antibiotic was established by them

Question 10: (Marks 2)

All cloning vectors do have a ‘selectable marker’. Describe its role in recombinant DNA-technology.

Answer :

It helps in identifying and eliminating non-transformants (non-recombinants) , and selectively permitting the growth of transformants (recombinants)

Question 11: (Marks 2)

Mention how have plants developed mechanical and chemical defence against herbivores to protect themselves with the help of one example of each.

Answer :

Mechanical - By developing (modified)Thorns (which are means of defence) eg. Acacia / Cactus / any other appropriate example

Chemical - by producing and storing poisonous chemicals / like cardiac glycosides / nicotine / caffeine / quinine / strychnine / opium / Calotropis has cardiac glycosides / any other appropriate example - provides defence against grazers / browsers

Question 12: (Marks 2)

Name and explain the processes earthworm and bacteria carry on detritus.

Answer :

(Earthworm) - breaks down detritus into smaller particles , fragmentation

(Bacteria) - (Enzymes of it) break down detritus into simple inorganic substances , catabolism / mineralization

SECTION - C

Question 13: (Marks 3)

Explain three different modes of pollination that can occur in a chasmogamous flower.

Explain the formation of placenta after implantation in a human female.

Answer :

(Autogamy / Self pollination ) - Pollination is achieved within the same flower / transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower //

(Geitonogamy) - Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant //

(Xenogamy / Cross pollination ) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to the stigma of flowers of a different plant //

(Anemophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through wind //

(Zoophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through animals //

(Chiropterophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through bats //

(Hydrophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through water //

(Entomophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through insects //

(Ornithophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through birds //

(Malacophily) - Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of same / another flower through snails

(any three)

Trophoblast (of blastocyst) forms finger like projections / chorionic villi , which are surrounded by the uterine tissue and maternal blood , The chorionic villi and uterine tissue become interdigitated to form placenta

Question 14: (Marks 3)

State Mendel’s law of dominance. How did he deduce the law ? Explain with the help of a suitable example.

Answer :

Factors (characters are controlled by discrete units called factors) which occur in pairs , in a dissimilar pair of factors / heterozygous one member of a pair dominates (dominant) the other (recessive)

In a cross between tall (TT) plant and dwarf (tt) plant , tall trait appears in F1 , tallness and dwarfness appear in F2 , in the ratio 3 : 1

// In lieu of the above explanation any other typical monohybrid cross till F2 generation can be considered.

Question 15: (Marks 3)

What are ‘SNPs’ ? Where are they located in a human cell ? State any two ways the discovery of SNPs can be of importance to humans.

Answer :

SNPs - Single Nucleotide Polymorphism / locations where single base DNA differences occur in humans

Location - human genome / human chromosome

Importance - Finding chromosomal location for disease - associated sequences , and tracing human history

Question 16: (Marks 3)

(a) State what does the study of Fossils indicate.

(b) Rearrange the following group of plants according to their evolution from Palaeozoic to Cenozoic periods :

Rhynia; Arborescent Lycopods; Conifers; Dicotytedon.

Answer :

(a) They are an evidence of evolution / they indicate common ancestory / they represent extinct organisms / which existed in different geological period / life forms varied over time and certain life forms were restricted to certain geological time spans / new forms of life have arisen at different times in the history of earth (any two)

(b) Rhynia → Arborescent Lycopods → Conifers → Dicotyledon

Question 17: (Marks 3)

(a) Explain the mode of action of Cu++ releasing IUDs as a good contraceptive. How is hormone releasing IUD different from it ?

(b) Why is ‘Saheli’ a preferred contraceptive by women (any two reasons) ?

Answer :

(a) Cu++ releasing IUDs - Suppress sperm motility / suppress the fertilizing capacity of sperms

Hormone releasing IUDs - Make the uterus unsuitable for implantation / the cervix hostile to the sperms

(b) It is a ‘once a week’ pill / oral contraceptive / with very few side effects / high contraceptive value/ non-steroidal / easy to use / not expensive (any two)

Question 18: (Marks 3)

(a) Explain why bee-hives are set up on the farms for some of our crop-species. Name any two such crop species.

(b) List any three important steps to be kept in mind for successful bee keeping.

Answer :

(a) Increases pollination efficiency / improves the crop yield / increases honey yield

Sunflower / Brassica / Apple / Pear/ any other appropriate examples (any two)

(b) Knowledge of the nature and habits of bees / Selection of suitable location for keeping the beehives / Catching and hiving of swarms (group of bees) / Management of beehives during different seasons / Handling and collection of honey and of beeswax (Any three)

Question 19: (Marks 3)

Why GMOs are so called ? List the different ways in which GMO plants have benefitted and have become useful to humans.

Answer :

Plants / bacteria / fungi / animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)

(i) Made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses (cold / drought / salt / heat) /

(ii) Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops) /

(iii) Helped to reduce post harvest losses /

(iv) Increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants (this prevents early exhaustion of fertility of soil) /

(v) Enhanced nutritional value of food, e.g., Vitamin ‘A’ enriched rice /

(vi) To create tailor-made plants to supply alternate resources to industries (in the form of starch / fuels / pharmaceuticals)

Any other correct beneficial uses of genetically modified bacteria / fungi / animals to be evaluated

(any four)

Question 20: (Marks 3)

Differentiate between “Pioneer-species”; “Climax-community” and “Seres”.

Explain any three ways other than zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safaries, by which threatened species of plants and animals are being conserved ‘ex situ’.

Answer :

Pioneer species - The species that invade a bare area

Climax community - a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment / remains stable as long as the environment remains unchanged

Sere - The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area

- Gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable / fertile condition for long periods using cryopreservation techniques /

- eggs can be fertilized in vitro /

- plants can be propagated using tissue culture methods /

- Seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants can be kept for long periods in seed banks /

- Storing semen / sperms in sperm bank /

- pollen grains can be stored in pollen banks

(any three)

Question 21: (Marks 3)

Explain ‘Integrated organic’ farming as successfully practiced by Ramesh C. Dagar, a farmer in Sonepat (Haryana).

Answer :

He includes bee-keeping / dairy management / water harvesting / composting / and agriculture in a chain of processes which support each other (any three)

Cattle excreta (dung) are used as manure / Crop waste is used to create compost / which can be used as a natural fertiliser / generate natural gas for satisfying the energy needs of the farm (any three)

SECTION D

Question 22: (Marks 3)

Study the diagram showing the entry of HIV into the human body and the processes that are followed :

(a) Name the human cell ‘A’ HIV enters into.

(b) Mention the genetic material ‘B’ HIV releases into the cell.

Answer :

(a) Macrophage

(b) RNA / viral RNA

Question 23: (Marks 3)

Following a road accident four injured persons were brought to a nearby clinic. The doctor immediately injected them with tetanus antitoxin.

(a) What is tetanus antitoxin ?

(b) Why were the injured immediately injected with this antitoxin ?

Answer :

a) A preparation containing (pre-formed / readymade) antibodies to the toxin

b) To provide quick immune response / to neutralize or nullify the effect of the tetanus bacteria / pathogen

c) Passive immunity

Question 24: (marks 3)

“The population of a metro city experiences fluctuations in its population density over a period of time.”

(a) When does the population in a metro city tend to increase ?

(b) When does the population in metro city tend to decline ?

Answer :

(a) Number of births / Natality / Number of immigrants / (B+I) is more than the number of deaths / mortality / number of emigrants / (D+E) //

Pre-reproductive population far exceeds reproductive population

(b) If number of deaths / mortality / number or emigrants / (D + E) is more than (B+I) // Pre-reproductive population is less than reproductive population

SECTION - E

Question 25: (Marks 5)

(a) Describe the process of megasporogenesis, in an angiosperm.

(b) Draw a diagram of a mature embryo sac of angiosperm, label its any six parts.

(a) Where and how in the testes process of spermatogenesis occur in humans.

(b) Draw diagram of human sperm and label four parts.

Answer :

(a) The MMC in the nucellus undergoes meiotic division , results in the production of four megaspores , one of the megaspores is functional , while the other three degenerate

Draw a diagram of a mature embryo sac of angiosperm, label its any six parts

(any 6 correct labels)

(a) Seminiferous Tubules = ½ The spermatogonia multiply by mitotic division to form primary spermatocytes , which undergo meiosis leading to formation of two equal (haploid) cells called secondary spermatocytes , The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four (equal haploid) spermatids , The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called , spermiogenesis

Draw diagram of human sperm and label four parts

Question 26: (Marks 5)

(a) Why did T.H. Morgon select Drosophila melanogaster for his experiments ? (b) How did he disprove Mendelian dihybrid F2 phenotypic ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ? Explain giving reasons.

(a) List any four major goals of Human Genome project.

(b) Write any four ways the knowledge from HGP is of significance for humans.

Answer :

a) They could be grown on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory / they complete their life cycle in about two weeks / a single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies / there was a clear differentiation of the sexes - the male and female flies are easily distinguishable / it has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes. (any 3)

b) Morgan observed that genes of the traits closely linked on the same chromosome show much less recombinant percentage , whereas genes of the traits loosely linked on the same chromosome showed higher recombinant percentage. (This proved deviation from 9 : 3 : 3 : 1)

a) Some of the important goals of HGP were as follows:

(i) Identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA ,

(ii) Determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA,

(iii) Store this information in databases , (iv) Improve tools for data analysis ,

(v) Transfer related technologies to other sectors such as industries ,

(vi) Address the ethical legal and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project (any 4)

b) Solving challenges in health care/ agriculture /energy production/ environmental remediation / diagnosed disorder / treat disorders / prevents disorders (any four)

c) BAC - bacterial artificial chromosomes

Used as vector for cloning of DNA fragments

Question 27: (Marks 5)

(a) Name the insect that attacks cotton crops and causes lot of damage to the crop. How has Bt cotton plants overcome this problem and saved the crop ? Explain.

(b) Write the role of gene Cry IAb.

(a) Explain the different steps carried out in Polymerase Chain Reaction, and the specific roles of the enzymes used.

(b) Mention application of PCR in the field of

(i) Biotechnology

(ii) Diagnostics

Answer :

(a) (cotton) bollworms

B. thuringiensis forms protein crystals (during a particular phase of their growth) , these crystals contain a toxic insecticidal protein, the Bt toxin protein exist as inactive protoxins but once an insect ingest the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the crystal , the activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and create pores, that cause cell swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect

b) crylAb controls corn borer //

* Since the capital ‘C’ denotes protein (Cryprotein) and not the gene (cry gene) , hence every student should be awarded 1 mark whether question is attempted or not attempted

Explain the different steps carried out in Polymerase Chain Reaction, and the specific roles of the enzymes used

Explanation of different steps of PCR in lieu of the diagram can be evaluated.

Enzyme DNA polymerase / Taq polymerase , the enzyme extends the primers using nucleotide provided in the reaction

(b) (i) Multiple copy of gene of interest can be made in vitro / gene amplification

(ii) Early detection of disease at a time when the symptoms are not yet visible // or the toxin is in low concentration / used to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients / a powerful technique to identify many other genetic disorders

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