CBSE Class 9 Social Science Climate NCERT Solutions

Reviewed by · Updated on

NCERT Solutions PDF Class 9 PDF

This chapter provides NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, focusing on 'Climate' (Chapter 15). Students will explore the various factors that influence India's climate, including temperature, atmospheric pressure, winds, humidity, and precipitation. The solutions detail the unique monsoon type of climate in India, explaining its causes and characteristics. Key concepts like the highest rainfall locations, summer winds (Loo), winter rainfall causes (Western Disturbances), and the arrival of monsoons are covered. The chapter also defines monsoons, explains 'breaks' in monsoon, and discusses the unifying role of monsoons in India's agricultural calendar and cultural festivals. These solutions are designed to help students understand the complexities of India's climate and prepare for their exams.

Home

Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 9
SubjectSocial Science
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 15

Chapter summary

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, Chapter 15: Climate, covers the essential aspects of India's weather patterns. It explains the controls affecting climate, the reasons for India's monsoon climate, and specific phenomena like the highest rainfall areas, summer winds, and winter precipitation. The solutions also define monsoons, describe monsoon breaks, and highlight the unifying influence of monsoons on India's agriculture and culture, aiding students in grasping key geographical concepts.

Learning outcomes

  • Identify the factors controlling India's climate.
  • Explain the causes and characteristics of India's monsoon climate.
  • Locate regions receiving the highest rainfall in the world.
  • Describe the significance of winds like Loo and Western Disturbances.
  • Define monsoon and understand the concept of monsoon breaks.
  • Recognize the unifying role of monsoons in India.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Controls of Climate
  • Factors Affecting India's Climate
  • Monsoon Type of Climate
  • Highest Rainfall Regions
  • Summer Winds (Loo)
  • Winter Rainfall (Western Disturbances)
  • Arrival of Monsoon
  • Cold Weather Season
  • Jet Streams
  • Monsoon Breaks
  • Unifying Role of Monsoon
  • Diurnal Range of Temperature

Important topics

  • Monsoon Type of Climate in India
  • Factors Affecting India's Climate
  • Highest Rainfall Areas
  • Role of Jet Streams
  • Western Disturbances
  • Unifying Influence of Monsoon

PDF preview

Read page by page below. PDF is streamed from the official NCERT website — no download button on this page.

Loading document …
Page of
Loading page …

Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below.
  1. Which one of the following places receives the highest rainfall in the world?
  1. Silchar (b) Mawsynram
  2. Cherrapunji
  3. Guwahati
Solution: The correct answer is (b) Mawsynram. Mawsynram, located in the state of Meghalaya in India, receives the highest average annual rainfall in the world. This is due to its specific geographical location, which captures moisture-laden winds from the Bay of Bengal.

Question 2

  1. The wind blowing in the northern plains in summers is known as:
  1. Kaal Baisakhi (b) Loo
  2. Trade Winds
  3. None of the above
Solution: The correct answer is (b) Loo. The Loo is a strong, hot, and dry wind that blows across the northern plains of India during the summer months, typically from May to June. It originates in the Thar Desert and can cause heatstroke due to its high temperature.

Question 3

  1. Which one of the following causes rainfall during winters in north-western part of India?
  1. Cyclonic depression (b) Retreating monsoon
  2. Western disturbances
  3. Southwest monsoon
Solution: The correct answer is (a) Cyclonic depression, often referred to as Western Disturbances. These are extra-tropical storms that originate in the Mediterranean region and travel eastward, bringing much-needed winter rain and snow to the northwestern parts of India, which is crucial for Rabi crops.

Question 4

  1. Monsoon arrives in India approximately in:
  2. Early May (b) Early July
  3. Early June
  4. Early August
Solution: The correct answer is (c) Early June. The Southwest Monsoon typically begins its advance into India around the first week of June, usually starting over the southern tip of the country and gradually progressing northwards.

Question 5

  1. Which one of the following characterises the cold weather season in India?
  1. Warm days and warm nights
  2. Warm days and cold nights
  3. Cool days and cold nights
  4. Cold days and warm nights
Solution: The correct answer is (c) Cool days and cold nights. The cold weather season in India, generally from December to February, is characterized by pleasant, cool days and cold nights. The temperature is lower, and there is generally clear sky and low humidity.

Question 6

  1. What are the controls affecting the climate of India?
Solution: The climate of India is affected by several controls. These include factors like latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, atmospheric pressure and winds, ocean currents, and relief features. These elements collectively determine the temperature, precipitation, and other weather conditions experienced across the country.

Question 7

  1. Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
Solution: India experiences a monsoon type of climate primarily due to its geographical location and the differential heating of land and sea. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), along with factors like the El Nino phenomenon, Jet Streams, and the Coriolis Force, significantly influences the seasonal reversal of winds, leading to the characteristic monsoon climate.

Question 8

  1. Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?
Solution: The northwestern part of India, particularly the desert regions like the Thar Desert, experiences the highest diurnal range of temperature. This is because the land heats up quickly during the day and cools down rapidly at night. The lack of moderating influence from the sea and the arid conditions contribute to these extreme temperature fluctuations between day and night.

Question 9

  1. Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar coast?
Solution: The Malabar Coast receives rainfall primarily from the Southwest Monsoon winds. As these moisture-laden winds blow from the Arabian Sea towards the Indian subcontinent, they strike the Western Ghats and bring heavy rainfall to the coastal areas, including the Malabar Coast.

Question 10

  1. What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
Solution: Jet streams are narrow, fast-flowing air currents in the upper troposphere. They play a significant role in influencing India's climate. The westerly jet streams are responsible for the Western Disturbances that bring winter rain to northern India. Conversely, the easterly jet streams influence the tropical depressions that occur during the monsoon season and in October-November.

Question 11

  1. Define monsoons. What do you understand by "break" in monsoon?
Solution: Monsoons refer to the seasonal reversal of wind direction in a region. They are characterized by a shift in wind patterns, bringing distinct wet and dry seasons. A "break" in the monsoon signifies a period during the rainy season when the rainfall becomes irregular or stops for a few days or weeks. This results in dry spells alternating with periods of heavy rainfall.

Question 12

  1. Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond?
Solution: The monsoon is considered a unifying bond in India because it profoundly influences the entire country's life and culture, despite regional variations in weather. It dictates the agricultural calendar, which is the backbone of the Indian economy and the basis for many festivals celebrated across the nation. The rhythm of the monsoon affects the landscape, flora, and fauna, creating a shared experience that connects diverse regions and communities.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing the causes of winter rainfall with monsoon rainfall.
  • Misidentifying the winds responsible for rainfall in different regions.
  • Not fully understanding the concept of 'break' in monsoons.
  • Overlooking the unifying cultural and agricultural impact of monsoons.

Revision tips

  • Focus on understanding the geographical factors influencing climate.
  • Memorize key locations and wind names associated with specific weather phenomena.
  • Draw diagrams to visualize wind patterns and rainfall distribution.
  • Connect the agricultural and cultural aspects to the monsoon cycle.
  • Practice answering questions about the 'why' behind climate patterns.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which location in the world receives the highest rainfall?

Q2. What is the name of the wind blowing in the northern plains during the summer season?

Q3. What causes rainfall in the north-western parts of India during winter?

Q4. Approximately when does the monsoon season begin in India?

Q5. Which of the following best describes the cold weather season in India?

Q6. What are the primary elements that affect the climate of India?

Frequently asked questions

What are the main factors that control the climate of India?

The climate of India is influenced by factors such as latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, pressure and winds, ocean currents, and relief features.

Why is India's climate described as a 'monsoon type'?

India's climate is called monsoon type because of the seasonal reversal of winds. The winds blow from the land to the sea in winter and from the sea to the land in summer, bringing distinct wet and dry seasons.

Which part of India receives the highest rainfall?

Mawsynram, located in Meghalaya, receives the highest rainfall in the world.

What are Western Disturbances and when do they occur?

Western Disturbances are extra-tropical storms that originate in the Mediterranean region and cause winter rainfall in the north-western parts of India. They occur during the cold weather season.

What is a 'break' in the monsoon?

A 'break' in the monsoon refers to periods during the rainy season when there is a significant reduction or absence of rainfall, alternating with spells of heavy rain.

How does the monsoon act as a unifying force in India?

The monsoon influences India's agricultural calendar, flora, fauna, and even cultural festivals, creating a common rhythm across the diverse country, thus acting as a unifying bond.

Important links

Content reviewed by the NCERT Help team. Editorial Team and update policy

NCERT Solutions PDF PDF on NCERT Help. URL unchanged for search indexing.