CBSE Class 9 Science Exemplar Chapter 7: Diversity in Living Organisms NCERT Solutions
This section provides comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Exemplar, Chapter 7, focusing on Diversity in Living Organisms. It covers key concepts related to biological classification, including the characteristics of different kingdoms and phyla. The solutions explain the basis of classification, the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and the distinguishing features of groups like Monera, Protista, Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Echinodermata. These solutions are designed to help students grasp the fundamental principles of biodiversity and taxonomy, aiding in their exam preparation by offering clear explanations and correct answers to practice questions.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 9 |
| Subject | Science Exemplar |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | English |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | Chapter 7 |
Chapter summary
Chapter 7 of the CBSE Class 9 Science Exemplar focuses on the diversity of life. These NCERT Solutions break down the principles of classifying organisms into kingdoms and phyla. They clarify the criteria used for classification, such as cell structure, nutrition, and mode of reproduction, and highlight the distinct characteristics of major groups like Monera, Protista, and various plant divisions. The solutions also address specific examples like true fish and exclusively marine organisms, reinforcing understanding of taxonomic differences.
Learning outcomes
- Understand the basis of biological classification.
- Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
- Identify the characteristics of different kingdoms and phyla.
- Distinguish between plant groups based on their reproductive structures and water conduction tissues.
- Recognize examples of marine and non-marine organisms.
- Identify true fish among given options.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- Biological Classification
- Five Kingdoms of Life
- Monera
- Protista
- Thallophyta
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms
- Diversity in Living Organisms
- Characteristics of Organisms
- Water Conduction in Plants
- Marine Organisms
Important topics
- Basis of Classification
- Characteristics of Monera and Protista
- Plant Group Distinctions (Thallophyta to Gymnosperms)
- Identification of True Fish
- Exclusively Marine Phyla
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Questions and Solutions
Multiple Choice Questions
- Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms.
- Whittaker considered cell structure, mode and source of nutrition for classifying the organisms in five kingdoms.
- Both Monera and Protista may be autotrophic and heterotrophic.
- Monerans have well defined nucleus.
Explanation: The kingdom Monera comprises single-celled prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). A key characteristic of prokaryotes is the absence of a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Therefore, the statement that Monerans have a well-defined nucleus is incorrect. Options (a), (b), and (c) describe correct characteristics of Protista and the classification criteria used by Whittaker.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Thallophyta
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms
- (i) and (ii)
- (ii) and (iii)
- (iii) and (iv)
- (i) and (iv)
Explanation: Pteridophytes (like ferns) and Gymnosperms (like conifers) are vascular plants that possess specialised tissues, namely xylem and phloem, for the efficient conduction of water and minerals. Thallophytes (like algae) and Bryophytes (like mosses) are non-vascular plants and lack these specialised conducting tissues.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Thallophyta
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnosperms
Explanation: Gymnosperms are a group of plants that produce seeds, but these seeds are not enclosed within a fruit; they are typically borne naked on cone scales. Angiosperms also produce seeds, which are enclosed within a fruit. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta do not produce seeds; they reproduce using spores.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Jellyfish
- Starfish
- Dogfish
- Silverfish
Explanation: Dogfish is a type of cartilaginous fish belonging to the class Chondrichthyes. Jellyfish are marine invertebrates belonging to the phylum Cnidaria. Starfish are marine invertebrates belonging to the phylum Echinodermata. Silverfish are small, wingless insects belonging to the phylum Arthropoda. Therefore, only Dogfish is a true fish.
Multiple Choice Questions
- Porifera
- Echinodermata
- Mollusca
- Pisces
Explanation: The phylum Echinodermata includes exclusively marine animals such as starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers. While members of Porifera (sponges), Mollusca (like snails and clams), and Pisces (fish) can be found in marine environments, they also inhabit freshwater and, in some cases, terrestrial habitats. Echinoderms are restricted to saltwater environments.
Common mistakes
- Confusing characteristics of Monera (prokaryotic) with well-defined nuclei.
- Misidentifying organisms belonging to different phyla (e.g., jellyfish vs. true fish).
- Incorrectly associating water conduction tissues with lower plant groups.
- Not recognizing that only seed-bearing plants produce seeds.
Revision tips
- Review the key characteristics used for classifying organisms into five kingdoms.
- Pay close attention to the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures.
- Memorize the distinguishing features of plant groups like Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, and Gymnosperms.
- Understand the habitat and classification of various animal phyla, especially marine vs. non-marine.
- Practice identifying true fish and differentiating them from other aquatic animals.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Monerans?
Explanation: Monerans are prokaryotic organisms, meaning they lack a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles. The other statements accurately describe characteristics of Monerans.
Q2. Which plant groups possess specialized tissues for the conduction of water?
Explanation: Pteridophytes (like ferns) and Gymnosperms (like conifers) have developed vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for efficient water and nutrient transport. Thallophytes and Bryophytes lack such specialized conducting tissues.
Q3. Which of the following plant groups is characterized by the production of seeds?
Explanation: Gymnosperms are seed-bearing plants where seeds are not enclosed within a fruit. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta do not produce seeds; they reproduce via spores.
Q4. Which of the following is considered a 'true fish'?
Explanation: Dogfish is a type of cartilaginous fish. Jellyfish belong to Coelenterata, Starfish to Echinodermata, and Silverfish to Arthropoda, none of which are true fish.
Q5. The phylum characterized by exclusively marine organisms is:
Explanation: Echinoderms, such as starfish and sea urchins, are found only in marine environments. Porifera, Mollusca, and Pisces can inhabit both marine and freshwater habitats.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main focus of CBSE Class 9 Science Exemplar Chapter 7?
Chapter 7 focuses on the diversity of living organisms and the principles of their classification into different kingdoms and phyla, based on various characteristics.
What criteria are used for classifying organisms in Chapter 7?
The chapter discusses criteria such as cell structure (prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic), mode of nutrition (autotrophic vs. heterotrophic), and reproductive methods for classifying organisms.
How do these NCERT Solutions help Class 9 students?
These solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations for each question, helping students understand complex concepts like biological classification and the distinguishing features of various life forms, aiding in exam preparation.
What is the difference between Thallophyta and Pteridophyta regarding water conduction?
Thallophyta lack specialized tissues for water conduction, while Pteridophyta possess specialized vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for this purpose.
Why is Dogfish considered a true fish, unlike Jellyfish or Starfish?
Dogfish is a true fish because it possesses gills for respiration and fins for locomotion, characteristic of the Pisces group. Jellyfish are coelenterates, and Starfish are echinoderms, belonging to entirely different phyla.
Which animal phylum is exclusively found in marine environments?
Echinodermata is the phylum that is exclusively marine. Organisms like starfish and sea urchins belong to this group.
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