CBSE Class 8 Ruchira Chapter 1: सुभाषितानि (Subhashitani) NCERT Solutions
This chapter, 'Subhashitani' (meaning good sayings or verses), from the CBSE Class 8 Ruchira textbook, presents a collection of wise and moral verses in Sanskrit. The NCERT Solutions provided here guide students through understanding and appreciating these verses. The solutions cover exercises that involve reciting the shlokas, filling in missing words to complete verses, answering questions based on the meaning of the shlokas, identifying Sanskrit equivalents for Hindi words, and distinguishing between the subject (kartri pad) and verb (kriya pad) in given sentences. These solutions aim to enhance comprehension of Sanskrit grammar and the ethical teachings embedded in the verses, making them an excellent resource for exam preparation and a deeper understanding of classical Sanskrit literature.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | रुचिरा |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | Hindi |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | 1. सुभाषितानि |
Chapter summary
Chapter 1, 'Subhashitani', of the CBSE Class 8 Ruchira textbook focuses on valuable Sanskrit verses. The NCERT Solutions offer detailed explanations and answers for exercises related to these verses. Students will find help with reciting shlokas, completing incomplete verses, answering comprehension questions, translating colloquial words into Sanskrit, and identifying grammatical components like subject and verb. This chapter's solutions are designed to build a strong foundation in Sanskrit language and its rich literary heritage.
Learning outcomes
- Understand the meaning and importance of Subhashitani (wise sayings).
- Practice reciting Sanskrit shlokas.
- Improve Sanskrit vocabulary by filling in missing words in verses.
- Develop comprehension skills by answering questions based on the shlokas.
- Learn to identify Sanskrit equivalents for Hindi words.
- Identify the subject and verb in Sanskrit sentences.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- Subhashitani (Good Sayings)
- Sanskrit Shlokas
- Verse Recitation
- Filling in Blanks
- Comprehension Questions
- Vocabulary Building
- Hindi to Sanskrit Word Equivalents
- Subject and Verb Identification
- Grammar Practice
- Moral Teachings
Important topics
- Understanding and reciting the shlokas
- Vocabulary expansion through word equivalents
- Identifying subject and verb in sentences
- Meaning and application of Subhashitani
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Questions and Solutions
Q1. पाठे दत्तानां पद्यानां (श्लोकानां) सस्वरवाचनं कुरुत
यह प्रश्न छात्रों को पाठ में दिए गए श्लोकों को लय और उच्चारण के साथ पढ़ने का अभ्यास करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता है। श्लोकों का सस्वर वाचन उन्हें याद करने और उनके अर्थ को बेहतर ढंग से समझने में मदद करता है। छात्र स्वयं इसका अभ्यास करें।
Q2. श्लोकांशेषु रिक्तस्थानानि पूरयत-
(क) समुद्रमासाद्य ——————।
(ख) ———————————————————————————————————
(ग) ———————————————————————————————————
(घ) ———————————————————————————————————
(ङ) ———————————————————————————————————
यहां श्लोकों के अधूरे वाक्यों को पूरा करने के लिए सही शब्दों को भरना है:
- (क) समुद्रमासाद्य भवन्त्यपेया:। (समुद्र में मिलकर नदियाँ पीने योग्य नहीं रहतीं। )
- (ख) श्रुत्वा वच: मधुरसूक्तरसं सृजन्ति। (वे (नदियाँ) मीठे वचनों को सुनकर मधुर सूक्तियों का रस उत्पन्न करती हैं।)
- (ग) तद्भागधेयं परमं पशूनाम्। (यह पशुओं का परम सौभाग्य है।)
- (घ) विद्याफलं व्यसनिनं कृपणस्य सौख्यम्। (व्यसनी का विद्या फल और कंजूस का सुख नष्ट हो जाता है।)
- (ङ) स्त्रियां रोचमानायां सर्वं तद् रोचते कुलम्। (जब स्त्री प्रसन्न होती है, तो पूरा कुल प्रसन्न दिखाई देता है।)
Q3. प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि एकपदेन लिखत-
(क) व्यसनिन: किं नश्यति?
(ख) कस्यां रोचमानायां सर्वं कुलं रोचते?
(ग) कस्य यश: नश्यति?
(घ) मधुमक्षिका किं जनयति?
(ङ) अर्थिन: केभ्य: विमुखा न यान्ति?
इन प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक शब्द में इस प्रकार हैं:
- (क) व्यसनिन: विद्याफलम् नश्यति। (बुरी आदत वाले व्यक्ति का विद्या का फल नष्ट हो जाता है।)
- (ख) स्त्रियाम् रोचमानायां सर्वं कुलं रोचते। (स्त्री के प्रसन्न होने पर पूरा कुल प्रसन्न होता है।)
- (ग) लुब्धस्य यश: नश्यति। (लालची व्यक्ति का यश नष्ट हो जाता है।)
- (घ) मधुमक्षिका माधुर्यं जनयति। (मधुमक्खी मिठास (शहद) उत्पन्न करती है।)
- (ङ) अर्थिन: वृक्षभ्य: (या मधुमक्षिकाभ्य:) विमुखा न यान्ति। (याचक वृक्षों से (या मधुमक्खियों से) निराश नहीं लौटते।) [नोट: मूल पाठ में 'मधुमक्षिका' का उल्लेख है, लेकिन 'अर्थिनः' के संदर्भ में 'वृक्ष' अधिक उपयुक्त हो सकता है यदि श्लोक में दोनों का उल्लेख हो। दिए गए उत्तर में 'मधुमक्षिका' को प्राथमिकता दी गई है।]
Q4. अधोलिखित-तद्भव-शब्दानां कृते पाठात् चित्वा संस्कृतपदानि लिखत-
यथा-कंजूस — कृपण:
कड़वा —————
पूँछ ————————————————————————————————————
लोभी —————
मधुमक्खी —————
तिनका —————
दिए गए तद्भव शब्दों के संस्कृत रूप पाठ से इस प्रकार हैं:
- कड़वा — कटुकम्
- पूँछ — पुच्छम्
- लोभी — लुब्धस्य
- मधुमक्खी — मधुमक्षिका
- तिनका — तृणम्
Q5. अधोलिखितेषु वाक्येषु कर्तृपदं क्रियापदं च चित्वा लिखत-
वाक्यानि कत्ता क्रिया
यथा- सन्तः मधुरसूक्तरसं सृजन्ति। सन्तः सृजन्ति
(क) निर्गुणं प्राप्य भवन्ति दोषाः।
(ख) गुणज्ञेषु गुणाः भवन्ति।
(ग) मधुमक्षिका माधुर्यं जनयेत्।
(घ) पिशुनस्य मैत्री यश: नाशयति।
(ङ) नद्य: समुद्रमासाद्य अपेया: भवन्ति।
दिए गए वाक्यों में कर्ता (subject) और क्रिया (verb) इस प्रकार हैं:
- (क) निर्गुणं प्राप्य भवन्ति दोषाः।
- कर्ता: दोषाः (दोष)
- क्रिया: भवन्ति (हो जाते हैं)
- (ख) गुणज्ञेषु गुणाः भवन्ति।
- कर्ता: गुणाः (गुण)
- क्रिया: भवन्ति (होते हैं)
- (ग) मधुमक्षिका माधुर्यं जनयेत्।
- कर्ता: मधुमक्षिका (मधुमक्खी)
- क्रिया: जनयेत् (उत्पन्न करे)
- (घ) पिशुनस्य मैत्री यश: नाशयति।
- कर्ता: मैत्री (मित्रता)
- क्रिया: नाशयति (नष्ट करती है)
- (ङ) नद्य: समुद्रमासाद्य अपेया: भवन्ति।
- कर्ता: नद्य: (नदियाँ)
- क्रिया: भवन्ति (हो जाती हैं)
Common mistakes
- Incorrectly filling in blanks in shlokas.
- Misinterpreting the meaning of shlokas when answering questions.
- Confusing Sanskrit equivalents for given Hindi words.
- Difficulty in distinguishing between subject and verb in Sanskrit sentences.
Revision tips
- Recite the shlokas aloud multiple times to memorize them.
- Focus on understanding the meaning of each word in the shlokas.
- Practice filling in the blanks without looking at the answers first.
- Review the identification of subject and verb with various examples.
- Try to explain the moral or lesson of each shloka in your own words.
Practice MCQs
Q1. What happens to rivers when they reach the ocean, according to the shloka?
Explanation: The shloka states that rivers, after reaching the ocean, become undrinkable (apēyāḥ), implying they lose their sweetness and purity.
Q2. What quality is lost by a greedy person (lubdhasya)?
Explanation: The text mentions that the fame (yaśaḥ) of a greedy person is destroyed.
Q3. What does the bee (madhumakshikā) produce?
Explanation: The bee produces sweetness (mādhuryaṁ), referring to the honey it makes.
Q4. Which word from the text means 'tail'?
Explanation: The Sanskrit word 'puchchha' corresponds to the Hindi word 'pūṅchha' (tail).
Q5. In the sentence 'सन्तः मधुरसूक्तरसं सृजन्ति।', what is the verb?
Explanation: The verb in the sentence is 'sṛjanti', which means 'create' or 'produce'.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main focus of Chapter 1 'Subhashitani' in Class 8 Ruchira?
Chapter 1 focuses on 'Subhashitani', which are verses containing wise sayings and moral teachings in Sanskrit. The NCERT Solutions help students understand, recite, and analyze these verses.
How do the NCERT Solutions for 'Subhashitani' help in learning Sanskrit?
These solutions aid in learning Sanskrit by providing clear answers for exercises on verse completion, comprehension, vocabulary (Hindi to Sanskrit equivalents), and basic sentence structure (identifying subject and verb).
What kind of questions are covered in the exercises for this chapter?
The exercises include reciting shlokas, filling in missing words in verses, answering questions based on the shlokas' meaning, finding Sanskrit words for given Hindi words, and identifying the subject and verb in sentences.
Are the shlokas in Chapter 1 meant to be memorized?
Yes, the first exercise explicitly asks for 'svaravachanam' (recitation), which is a step towards memorization and better understanding of the verses.
How can I use these solutions for exam revision?
You can use these solutions to test your understanding of the shlokas, practice filling blanks, review vocabulary, and ensure you can correctly identify grammatical elements like subject and verb, which are often tested.
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