CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Chapter 14: Networking and Open Source Concepts - NCERT Solutions
This chapter delves into fundamental Networking and Open Source Concepts crucial for Class 12 Computer Science students following the CBSE curriculum. The NCERT Solutions provide clear explanations for topics like communication technologies, including packet switching versus message switching, and protocols used for remote connections like Telnet. It also covers essential concepts such as web hosting, cloud computing, and wireless technologies like Wi-Fi. Additionally, the solutions explain the advantages of optical fibers and expand acronyms like GSM and GPRS. These detailed solutions are designed to help students understand complex networking principles and prepare effectively for their examinations by offering step-by-step guidance and clear definitions.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Computer Science (C++) |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | English |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | Chapter 14 |
Chapter summary
Chapter 14 focuses on Networking and Open Source Concepts, covering essential communication technologies and protocols. The NCERT Solutions explain key terms like web hosting, packet switching, message switching, and cloud computing. It also details protocols for remote connections, advantages of optical fibers, characteristics of Wi-Fi, and expansions of acronyms like GSM and GPRS. This chapter is vital for understanding the infrastructure and methods behind modern internet services.
Learning outcomes
- Identify domain names and URLs from web addresses.
- Define and explain the concept of web hosting.
- Differentiate between packet switching and message switching.
- Understand the purpose of protocols like Telnet for remote connections.
- List and explain the advantages of using optical fibers.
- Define cloud computing and its underlying principles.
- Describe the key characteristics of Wi-Fi technology.
- Expand and understand the meaning of acronyms like GSM and GPRS.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- Web Hosting
- Domain Names
- URLs
- Packet Switching
- Message Switching
- Telnet Protocol
- Optical Fibers
- Cloud Computing
- Wi-Fi
- GSM
- GPRS
- Communication Technologies
Important topics
- Packet Switching vs. Message Switching
- Web Hosting and its importance
- Cloud Computing concepts
- Advantages of Optical Fibers
- Telnet Protocol
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Questions and Solutions
Networking and Open Source Concepts
TOPIC-1 Communication Technologies
Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 mark each]
Question 1:
Identify the Domain name and URL from the following: http://www.income.in/home.aboutus.hml
Answer:
Domain name – income.in
URL – http://www.income.in/home.aboutus.hml
Question 2:
What is Web Hosting?
Answer:
Web hosting is the service that makes our website available to be viewed by others on the Internet. A web host provides space on its server, so that other computers around the world can access our website by means of a network or modem.
Question 3:
What is the difference between packet & message switching?
Answer:
Packet Switching Message switching There is a tight upper limit on the block size. In message switching there was no upper limit. A fixed size of packet is specified. All the packets are stored in main memory in In message switching packets are stored on disk. This
switching office. increases the performance as access time is reduced.
Question 4:
Which protocol in used in creating a connection with a remote machine?
Answer:
Telnet: It is an older internet utility that allow us to log on to remote computer system. It also facilitates for terminal emulation purpose.
Question 5:
Which protocol is used to create a connection with a remote machine? Give any two advantage of using Optical Fibers.
Answer:
Telnet Two advantage of using Optical Fibers are
- Capable of extremely high speed.
- No Electromagnetic interference.
- Extremely low attending
Question 6:
What is cloud computing?
Answer:
The sharing of computer resources (dedicated, time-shared, or dynamically shared servers) and related infrastructurer components (load balancers, firewalls, network storage, developer tools, monitors and management tools) to facilitate the deployment and operation of web and network based applications. Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale, similar to a utility (like the electricity grid) over a network.
Question 7:
Write two characteristics of Wi-Fi.
Answer:
- It is wireless network.
- It is for short range.
Question 8:
Expand the following:
- GSM
- GPRS
Common mistakes
- Confusing domain names with full URLs.
- Incomplete understanding of the differences in data handling between packet and message switching.
- Not clearly articulating the benefits of optical fibers over other transmission media.
- Vague definitions of cloud computing without mentioning resource sharing or economies of scale.
- Misinterpreting the scope or application of protocols like Telnet.
Revision tips
- Focus on understanding the core differences between packet and message switching techniques.
- Memorize the advantages of optical fibers and Wi-Fi for quick recall.
- Practice identifying domain names and URLs in various web addresses.
- Review the definitions of key terms like web hosting and cloud computing.
- Ensure you can expand and explain the acronyms covered in the chapter.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which part of a web address uniquely identifies the organization or service being accessed?
Explanation: The domain name, such as 'income.in', is the unique identifier for a website or service on the internet.
Q2. What is the primary function of web hosting?
Explanation: Web hosting provides the necessary server space and resources to ensure a website can be accessed by users on the internet.
Q3. In which switching method are data broken into fixed-size blocks?
Explanation: Packet switching involves breaking data into smaller, fixed-size packets for transmission, which are then reassembled at the destination.
Q4. Which protocol is primarily used for logging into and controlling remote computer systems?
Explanation: Telnet is a protocol that allows users to establish a connection with a remote computer and interact with it as if they were locally present.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of optical fibers?
Explanation: While optical fibers offer high speed, immunity to interference, and low attenuation, they are generally more expensive to install and maintain than traditional copper wires.
Q6. Cloud computing is often compared to a utility like the electricity grid because it relies on:
Explanation: Cloud computing leverages resource sharing to provide services efficiently and cost-effectively, similar to how utility companies provide electricity.
Q7. What is a key characteristic of Wi-Fi technology?
Explanation: Wi-Fi technology enables wireless local area networking, providing internet and network access over relatively short distances.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main difference between a domain name and a URL?
A domain name (e.g., google.com) is the human-readable address of a website, while a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the complete web address that includes the protocol, domain name, and specific path to a resource (e.g., http://www.google.com/search).
How does packet switching differ from message switching?
Packet switching breaks data into fixed-size packets, each routed independently, while message switching transmits entire messages as a single unit, which may be of variable size.
What is the purpose of Telnet?
Telnet is a network protocol used to establish a command-line connection with a remote computer, allowing users to log in and execute commands on that machine.
Why are optical fibers considered advantageous for data transmission?
Optical fibers offer extremely high speeds, are immune to electromagnetic interference, and have very low signal loss (attenuation) over long distances.
Can you explain cloud computing in simple terms?
Cloud computing is like renting computing resources (like storage or processing power) over the internet from a provider, instead of owning and managing your own physical hardware.
What are the key benefits of using Wi-Fi?
Wi-Fi provides convenient wireless internet access within a limited area, eliminating the need for physical cables and allowing multiple devices to connect simultaneously.
What do GSM and GPRS stand for?
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications, and GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Service. Both are mobile communication technologies.
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