NCERT Class 8 Mathematics Ganita Prakash Part-II: Chapter 1 — Fractions in Disguise
This chapter introduces the concept of percentages, explaining that the symbol '%' is read as 'per cent' and is derived from the Latin phrase 'per centum', meaning 'by the hundred'. It clarifies that 'per cent' signifies a fraction with a denominator of 100. For instance, 25% means 25 out of every 100. The chapter demonstrates how to convert fractions into percentages using two methods: finding an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100, or multiplying the fraction by 100. Examples include converting 3/4 to 75% and 2/5 to 40%. This foundational understanding of percentages is crucial for various real-world applications and further mathematical concepts in CBSE Class 8 Mathematics.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Mathematics |
| Book | Ganita Prakash Part-II |
| Chapter | Chapter 1 — Fractions in Disguise |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 3 minutes |
| Word count | 501 |
Learning outcomes
- Understand the meaning and origin of the term 'per cent'.
- Recognize that percentages are fractions with a denominator of 100.
- Convert given fractions into percentages using equivalent fractions.
- Convert given fractions into percentages by multiplying by 100.
- Apply the concept of percentages to solve simple real-world problems.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Per cent | Out of every hundred; a fraction with 100 as the denominator. |
| Per centum | Latin phrase meaning 'by the hundred'. |
| Equivalent fraction | Fractions that represent the same value, even though they have different numerators and denominators. |
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Practice questions
- What does the symbol '%' mean? Answer: The symbol '%' means 'per cent', which signifies 'out of hundred'.
- Convert the fraction 1/4 into a percentage. Answer: 1/4 = 25/100 = 25%.
- Convert the fraction 3/5 into a percentage. Answer: 3/5 = 60/100 = 60%.
- If a student scores 40 marks out of 50, what is their percentage score? Answer: 40/50 = 80/100 = 80%.
Frequently asked questions
What is the meaning of 'per cent'?
'Per cent' is derived from the Latin phrase 'per centum', meaning 'by the hundred' or 'out of hundred'.
How can a fraction be expressed as a percentage?
A fraction can be expressed as a percentage by finding an equivalent fraction with 100 as the denominator, or by multiplying the fraction by 100.
What does 50% of a quantity mean?
50% of a quantity means 50 out of every 100 of that quantity, which is equivalent to half of the quantity (1/2).
Is 20% the same as 1/5?
Yes, 20% is equal to 20/100, which simplifies to 1/5.
How is the symbol '%' read?
The symbol '%' is read as 'per cent'.
Related resources
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Topics covered
NCERT Class 8 Mathematics — Ganita Prakash Part-II — Chapter 1 — Fractions in Disguise. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.