NCERT Class 12 Political Science Contemporary World Politics: Chapter 7 — Globalisation
This chapter from NCERT's Contemporary World Politics, Class 12, delves into the concept of globalisation. It begins by analysing what globalisation entails, using real-life examples such as the international movement of services (call centres), commodities (Chinese cycles, US Barbie dolls), and the impact on cultural values and opportunities. The chapter explores the causes and consequences of globalisation, examining its political, economic, and cultural dimensions. It also investigates India's role in and influence on globalisation, alongside the resistance movements that emerge. The text highlights how globalisation affects individuals like Janardhan and Sarika, and influences consumption patterns, as seen with Ramdhari's purchases. Finally, it touches upon the resistance to globalisation, including social movements in India, and its complex interplay with national contexts.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Political Science |
| Book | Contemporary World Politics |
| Chapter | Chapter 7 — Globalisation |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 4 minutes |
| Word count | 601 |
Learning outcomes
- Define and understand the concept of globalisation.
- Identify examples of globalisation in daily life, including the movement of services, commodities, and ideas.
- Analyse the political, economic, and cultural consequences of globalisation.
- Examine the impact of globalisation on India and India's influence on global processes.
- Understand the phenomenon of resistance to globalisation and associated social movements.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Globalisation | The process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide, driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. |
| Commodities | Raw materials or primary agricultural products that can be bought and sold, such as oil, metals, and coffee; or manufactured goods. |
| Services | Intangible goods provided by one party to another, such as IT services, call centres, or financial consulting. |
| Multinational Company (MNC) | A corporation that operates in several countries, often with its headquarters in one country and operations in others. |
| Generation | All the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively. |
| Resistance | The refusal to accept or comply with something; the attempt to prevent something by action or argument. |
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Practice questions
- What are the three examples of globalisation mentioned in the text? Answer: The three examples are the globalisation of services (Janardhan working in a call centre), the movement of commodities (Ramdhari buying a Chinese cycle and a Barbie doll), and the impact on cultural values and opportunities (Sarika's situation).
- How does Janardhan's job illustrate globalisation? Answer: Janardhan works in a call centre, communicating with clients thousands of miles away, working according to their time zones, and adopting a different persona ('John') for his work, illustrating the globalisation of services.
- What does Ramdhari's purchase of a cycle tell us about globalisation? Answer: Ramdhari's purchase of a cycle manufactured in China, which is affordable and of reasonable quality in India, illustrates the global movement of commodities.
- What is an MNC? Answer: An MNC stands for Multinational Company, which is a company that operates in several countries.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which of the following best describes Janardhan's situation?
Explanation: Janardhan works in a call centre, communicating with overseas clients, which is an example of the globalisation of services.
Q2. Ramdhari's purchase of a Barbie doll manufactured in the US highlights:
Explanation: The Barbie doll, manufactured in the US but sold in India, exemplifies the international movement of commodities as part of globalisation.
Q3. Sarika's situation, where she faces a conflict of values due to new opportunities, relates to:
Explanation: Sarika's experience reflects the impact of globalisation on cultural values and the availability of new opportunities that were previously unavailable.
Q4. The text mentions that some farmers committed suicide because:
Explanation: The chapter notes that some farmers committed suicide after buying expensive seeds from a multinational company (MNC) when their crops subsequently failed.
Q5. What does the example of a Nepalese worker coming to India to work suggest?
Explanation: The question posed in the text, 'So many Nepalese workers come to India to work. Is that globalisation?', implies that the movement of labour across borders is considered a form of globalisation.
Frequently asked questions
What is globalisation?
Globalisation refers to the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide, driven by international trade, investment, and information technology.
What are the main aspects of globalisation illustrated in the chapter?
The chapter illustrates globalisation through the movement of services (e.g., call centres), commodities (e.g., manufactured goods like cycles and dolls), and its impact on cultural values and opportunities.
How does globalisation affect India?
Globalisation impacts India by influencing its economy, culture, and society, while India also plays a role in shaping global processes.
What is an example of resistance to globalisation mentioned?
The chapter mentions resistance to globalisation, including social movements in India, and the example of farmers committing suicide after using expensive seeds from an MNC.
What is the difference between globalisation of services and commodities?
Globalisation of services involves the international movement of intangible economic activities (like IT support), while globalisation of commodities involves the international trade of physical goods.
Does globalisation only have positive impacts?
No, the chapter suggests that globalisation has complex consequences, including potential conflicts of values, economic hardships for some (like farmers), and resistance from various groups.
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NCERT Class 12 Political Science — Contemporary World Politics — Chapter 7 — Globalisation. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.