NCERT Class 12 Home Science Manav Paristhitik avam Parivar Vigyan Bhag 1: Chapter 7 — अध् यायय 7
This chapter, 'Management of Services, Institutions and Programmes for Children, Youth and Aged,' from NCERT Class 12 Home Science (Manav Paristhitik avam Parivar Vigyan Bhag 1), emphasizes the crucial role of families in meeting members' needs. It highlights that families, while fundamental, often cannot provide all specialized services like formal education or comprehensive healthcare. Consequently, communities establish institutions such as schools, hospitals, and training centers. The chapter discusses why these services are essential for children, youth, and the elderly, especially in India where poverty, lack of sanitation, inadequate healthcare, and gender discrimination hinder families from accessing or utilizing available resources. It underscores the challenges faced by vulnerable groups and the need for effective management of support systems.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Home Science |
| Book | Manav Paristhitik avam Parivar Vigyan Bhag 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter 7 — अध् यायय 7 |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 3 minutes |
| Word count | 592 |
Learning outcomes
- Understand the need for services, institutions, and programmes for children, youth, and the aged.
- Describe aspects related to the management of institutions and programmes.
- Discuss the knowledge and skills required for managing and operating these services.
- Identify career and employment opportunities in this sector.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Institutions | Established organizations or foundations, especially those serving a public purpose. |
| Programmes | A plan of activities or events designed to achieve a particular aim. |
| Management | The process of dealing with or controlling things or people. |
| Vulnerable | Exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally. |
| Resources | Assets or means that can be drawn upon to function effectively. |
| Poverty | The state of being extremely poor. |
| Discrimination | The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people. |
| Malnutrition | Lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough food or not eating the right food. |
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Practice questions
- Why are specialized services often needed beyond what a family can provide? Answer: Families may lack the resources, expertise, or time to provide specialized services like formal education, advanced healthcare, or specific developmental support required by members at different life stages.
- What are some examples of institutions that provide services to different age groups? Answer: Examples include schools and preschools for children, universities and vocational training centers for youth, and old age homes or healthcare facilities for the aged.
- What is a major reason cited in the text for families' inability to access services? Answer: A major reason is the lack of resources, particularly financial resources, within the family.
- How does poverty impact a community's ability to access services? Answer: Poverty limits families' financial capacity to afford services, and can also correlate with poor living conditions (like lack of sanitation) and health issues (like malnutrition), further hindering access and utilization.
Practice MCQs
Q1. What is considered the basic unit of society according to the chapter?
Explanation: The chapter states that the family is the basic unit of society and has a primary function of looking after its members' needs.
Q2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for families' inability to meet members' needs?
Explanation: The text focuses on resource limitations and access issues, not the size of the family itself as a primary barrier.
Q3. The chapter highlights that a significant portion of India's population lived below the poverty line in 2004-2005, according to which commission?
Explanation: The text specifically mentions the Planning Commission's data for the year 2004-2005 regarding poverty levels in India.
Q4. Iodine deficiency can adversely affect:
Explanation: The chapter states that iodine deficiency adversely affects the mental and physical growth of a child.
Q5. What percentage of families in India consume iodized salt, as per the text?
Explanation: The text indicates that less than half of the families in India consume iodized salt.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main purpose of this chapter in Class 12 Home Science?
The chapter aims to help students understand the necessity of services for children, youth, and the aged, the management aspects of related institutions and programmes, and career opportunities in this field.
Why is family management alone not sufficient for all needs?
Families often cannot provide specialized services like formal education or comprehensive healthcare, necessitating community institutions and programmes.
What are the key challenges mentioned regarding service access in India?
Key challenges include widespread poverty, lack of adequate sanitation, limited access to quality healthcare, and gender discrimination.
How does malnutrition affect children?
Malnutrition, especially in children under five, affects all areas of development, both mentally and physically.
What skills are important for managing services for vulnerable groups?
The chapter suggests that knowledge and specific skills are required for the effective management and operation of services and programmes for children, youth, and the aged.
What career opportunities does this chapter touch upon?
It mentions career and employment opportunities available in the sector of managing services, institutions, and programmes for children, youth, and the aged.
Related resources
Important topics
Topics covered
NCERT Class 12 Home Science — Manav Paristhitik avam Parivar Vigyan Bhag 1 — Chapter 7 — अध् यायय 7. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.