NCERT Class 11 Psychology Introduction to Psychology: Chapter 6 — <b>Human Memory</b>
This chapter delves into the fascinating faculty of human memory, exploring its nature, different types, and the processes involved. It begins by defining memory as the retention and recall of information over time, crucial for our sense of self, relationships, and problem-solving. The chapter introduces the information processing approach, outlining the three key stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the initial registration of information, while storage involves retaining it, and retrieval is the process of accessing stored information. It highlights the contributions of Hermann Ebbinghaus to memory research and discusses the non-uniform rate of forgetting. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for cognitive processes and is a core component of the CBSE Psychology curriculum.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 11 |
| Subject | Psychology |
| Book | Introduction to Psychology |
| Chapter | Chapter 6 — <b>Human Memory</b> |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 4 minutes |
| Word count | 618 |
Learning outcomes
- Understand the nature of memory.
- Distinguish between different types of memory.
- Understand the nature and causes of forgetting.
- Learn strategies for improving memory.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Memory | Retaining and recalling information over a period of time. |
| Encoding | The process by which information is recorded and registered for the first time. |
| Storage | The process of retaining information in the memory system. |
| Retrieval | The process of accessing stored information from memory. |
| Forgetting | The loss of information from memory. |
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Practice questions
- Define memory in your own words. Answer: Memory is the ability to retain and recall information over a period of time.
- What are the three main stages of information processing in memory? Answer: The three main stages are encoding, storage, and retrieval.
- Who is credited with the first systematic exploration of memory? Answer: Hermann Ebbinghaus is credited with the first systematic exploration of memory.
- Describe the initial rate of forgetting according to Ebbinghaus. Answer: According to Ebbinghaus, the rate of forgetting is initially faster but eventually stabilizes.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of information processing in memory?
Explanation: The three stages of information processing in memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. Analysis is not typically listed as a primary stage.
Q2. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a pioneer in memory research, was from which country?
Explanation: Hermann Ebbinghaus was a German psychologist who conducted early experiments on memory.
Q3. The process of retaining information in the memory system is called:
Explanation: Storage refers to the process of keeping information in memory over time.
Q4. According to Ebbinghaus's findings, the rate of forgetting:
Explanation: Ebbinghaus observed that we forget learned material at a non-uniform pace, with initial forgetting being faster.
Q5. What does 'encoding' refer to in the context of memory?
Explanation: Encoding is the first stage where incoming information is recorded and made usable by the memory system.
Frequently asked questions
What is the definition of memory according to the chapter?
Memory is defined as retaining and recalling information over a period of time, essential for cognitive processes and personal identity.
What are the three stages of information processing in memory?
The three stages are encoding (recording information), storage (retaining information), and retrieval (accessing information).
Who conducted early systematic research on memory?
Hermann Ebbinghaus, a German psychologist, is credited with the first systematic exploration of memory.
How does the rate of forgetting change over time?
According to Ebbinghaus, the rate of forgetting is initially faster but eventually stabilizes.
Why is memory considered a fascinating human faculty?
Memory is fascinating because it preserves our sense of self, maintains relationships, and aids in problem-solving and decision-making.
What is the role of encoding in memory?
Encoding is the initial stage where incoming information is registered and processed to become usable by the memory system.
Related resources
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Topics covered
NCERT Class 11 Psychology — Introduction to Psychology — Chapter 6 — <b>Human Memory</b>. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.