NCERT Class 11 Informatics Practices Informatics Practices: Chapter 2 — Emerging Trends
This chapter introduces students to the concept of emerging trends in technology, focusing on their impact on the digital economy and society. It defines emerging trends as state-of-the-art technologies gaining popularity and setting new user trends. The chapter delves into Artificial Intelligence (AI), explaining its goal to simulate human intelligence in machines for tasks like learning, decision-making, and problem-solving. It further breaks down AI into Machine Learning (ML), where computers learn from data without explicit programming using algorithms called models, and Natural Language Processing (NLP), which enables interaction between humans and computers using natural language. The chapter highlights how these technologies are shaping the future of digital interaction and economy, providing examples like smart navigation and automatic photo tagging.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 11 |
| Subject | Informatics Practices |
| Book | Informatics Practices |
| Chapter | Chapter 2 — Emerging Trends |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 3 minutes |
| Word count | 468 |
Learning outcomes
- Define and identify emerging technological trends.
- Understand the fundamental concepts of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
- Explain the principles of Machine Learning (ML) as a subset of AI.
- Describe the role and applications of Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Emerging Trends | State-of-the-art technologies that gain popularity and set new trends. |
| Artificial Intelligence (AI) | Simulating natural human intelligence in machines to make them behave intelligently. |
| Knowledge Base | A store of information (facts, assumptions, rules) used by an AI system for decision-making. |
| Machine Learning (ML) | A subsystem of AI where computers learn from data using statistical techniques without explicit programming. |
| Models | Algorithms used in Machine Learning that are trained and tested using data to make predictions. |
| Natural Language Processing (NLP) | The interaction between human and computer using natural language. |
The complete chapter text is read in the official NCERT PDF viewer below (streamed from ncert.nic.in). This page provides NCERT Help study material — summary, vocabulary, practice questions, and FAQs — not a full reproduction of the textbook.
Read chapter online
This PDF is loaded from the official NCERT website (ncert.nic.in). Use the page buttons below to read — download is disabled on NCERT Help.
Read page by page below. PDF is streamed from the official NCERT website — no download button on this page.
Practice questions
- What is the main goal of Artificial Intelligence? Answer: To simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines, making them behave intelligently.
- How does Machine Learning differ from traditional programming? Answer: Machine Learning allows computers to learn from data using statistical techniques without being explicitly programmed, unlike traditional programming.
- Provide an example of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in everyday use. Answer: Predictive typing in search engines or spell-checking features are examples of NLP.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which of the following is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence?
Explanation: Machine Learning is explicitly stated as a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence in the chapter.
Q2. What is a 'knowledge base' in the context of AI?
Explanation: The chapter defines a knowledge base as a store of information consisting of facts, assumptions, and rules which an AI system can use for decision making.
Q3. Which technology enables computers to learn from data without explicit programming?
Explanation: Machine Learning is described as computers having the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly programmed.
Q4. Predictive typing on a search engine is an example of:
Explanation: The chapter uses predictive typing as an example of Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Q5. What is the primary aim of AI?
Explanation: Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines.
Frequently asked questions
What are emerging trends in technology?
Emerging trends are state-of-the-art technologies that are gaining popularity and setting new trends among users, significantly impacting the digital economy and interaction.
What is the core idea behind Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
AI aims to simulate human intelligence in machines, enabling them to perform cognitive functions like learning, decision-making, and problem-solving with minimal human intervention.
What is Machine Learning (ML)?
ML is a part of AI where computers learn from data using statistical techniques and algorithms (models) without being explicitly programmed.
Can you give an example of AI in daily life?
Yes, examples include navigation apps analyzing real-time traffic data, intelligent personal assistants like Siri or Alexa, and automatic friend tagging on social media.
What is Natural Language Processing (NLP)?
NLP deals with the interaction between humans and computers using natural language, enabling features like predictive typing and spell checking.
Related resources
Important topics
Topics covered
NCERT Class 11 Informatics Practices — Informatics Practices — Chapter 2 — Emerging Trends. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.