NCERT Class 11 Health and Physical Education Health and Physical Education: Chapter 10 — Tournaments
This chapter, 'Tournaments and Competitions,' from the NCERT Class 11 Health and Physical Education textbook, introduces students to the concept of organized sports competitions. It defines a tournament as a scheduled competition among teams to determine a winner. The chapter details various types of tournaments, including Knock-out (Single and Double Elimination, Consolation), League (Single and Double Round Robin), Combination, and Challenge tournaments. It also discusses crucial factors for deciding tournament types, such as season, time, facilities, and budget. Furthermore, it explains the method of drawing fixtures, including the concept of 'byes' when the number of teams is not a power of two, and illustrates a single knock-out fixture for 8 teams. Understanding these concepts is vital for organizing and participating in sports events effectively within the CBSE curriculum.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 11 |
| Subject | Health and Physical Education |
| Book | Health and Physical Education |
| Chapter | Chapter 10 — Tournaments |
| Language | English |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 3 minutes |
| Word count | 464 |
Learning outcomes
- Define a tournament and its purpose.
- Identify and differentiate between various types of tournaments (Knock-out, League, Combination, Challenge).
- Understand the method of drawing fixtures, including the concept of byes.
- Recognize factors influencing the choice of tournament type.
- Explain the basic rules of a single knock-out tournament.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Tournament | A competition held among different teams in a particular game or sport according to a fixed schedule where a winner is decided. |
| Knock-out | A type of tournament where a team is eliminated after a single loss. |
| League | A type of tournament where teams play against each other in a series, often a round-robin format. |
| Fixture | A schedule of matches or competitions. |
| Bye | An advantage given to a team in a tournament, allowing them to advance to the next round without playing a match, typically used when the number of teams is not a power of two. |
| Elimination | The process of removing teams from a competition after they lose. |
| Round Robin | A tournament format where each participant plays against every other participant. |
| Consolation | Matches played for teams that have been eliminated, often to determine lower rankings. |
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Practice questions
- What is a tournament? Answer: A tournament is a competition held among different teams in a particular game or sport according to a fixed schedule where a winner is decided.
- In a single knock-out tournament, how many matches are played if there are 13 teams? Answer: The total number of matches is N-1, so for 13 teams, it is 13-1 = 12 matches.
- What is a 'bye' in tournament fixtures? Answer: A 'bye' is given to a team to allow them to advance to the next round without playing a match, usually when the number of teams is not a power of two.
- Name two types of tournaments mentioned in the chapter. Answer: Two types are Knock-out tournaments and League tournaments.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which type of tournament eliminates a team after a single loss?
Explanation: In a knock-out tournament, a team is eliminated as soon as it loses a match.
Q2. If 16 teams participate in a knock-out tournament, how many matches will be played?
Explanation: The total number of matches in a knock-out tournament is always N-1, where N is the number of teams. So, 16-1 = 15 matches.
Q3. What is the next higher power of two for 13 teams when calculating byes?
Explanation: The powers of two are 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc. The next higher power of two greater than 13 is 16.
Q4. A tournament where every team plays against every other team is typically a:
Explanation: A single league tournament follows a round-robin format where each team plays every other team once.
Q5. How many byes are needed if 25 teams enter a competition?
Explanation: The next higher power of two for 25 is 32. The number of byes is 32 - 25 = 7.
Frequently asked questions
What is the main difference between a knock-out and a league tournament?
In a knock-out tournament, a team is eliminated after one loss. In a league tournament, teams play multiple matches, often against every other team, and rankings are based on points accumulated.
Why are byes necessary in tournaments?
Byes are necessary when the number of participating teams is not a power of two (like 4, 8, 16, 32). They ensure that the tournament structure progresses smoothly towards a final round with a single winner.
How is the number of matches calculated in a single knock-out tournament?
The total number of matches is always one less than the number of teams participating (N-1).
What factors should be considered when deciding the type of tournament?
Key factors include the season, available time, play fields and equipment, type of activity, number of officials, and the budget.
What is a 'seeding' in the context of tournaments?
Seeding is a process where stronger teams are placed in the fixture in such a way that they are less likely to meet each other in the early rounds of the tournament.
Related resources
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Topics covered
NCERT Class 11 Health and Physical Education — Health and Physical Education — Chapter 10 — Tournaments. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.