NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Shemushi: Chapter 10 — शेमुषी- द्वितीयो भाग:
This chapter, "अन्योक्तयः" (Anuyoktayah), from NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Shemushi, focuses on the concept of Anuyokti, which involves indirect criticism of faults or praise of virtues. The text explains that such allegorical expressions are more impactful and memorable. The chapter presents seven Anuyoktis that inspire readers to emulate noble qualities, using examples of swans, cuckoos, clouds, gardeners, ponds, lakes, and chatakas. Through these examples, the chapter aims to guide students towards virtuous conduct and understanding the significance of true merit over superficial appearances, aligning with CBSE's educational objectives for Sanskrit literature.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE / NCERT |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 10 |
| Subject | Sanskrit |
| Book | Shemushi |
| Chapter | Chapter 10 — शेमुषी- द्वितीयो भाग: |
| Language | Sanskrit |
| PDF type | NCERT Textbook |
| Session | CBSE 2026 |
| Reading time | 2 minutes |
| Word count | 208 |
Learning outcomes
- Understand the concept and significance of Anuyokti in Sanskrit literature.
- Analyze the allegorical meanings in the presented verses.
- Identify the virtues and faults highlighted through animal and nature examples.
- Appreciate the impact of indirect expression in conveying messages.
- Relate the lessons to personal conduct and ethical values.
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| अन्योक्तिः | Indirect expression, allegory |
| अप्रत्यक्षरूपेण | Indirectly |
| व्याजेन | By pretext, indirectly |
| निन्दायाः | Of criticism, blame |
| प्रशंसा | Praise |
| सघ्केतमाधयमेन | Through indication, by suggestion |
| व्यज्ञञयमाना: | Being expressed |
| राजहंस | Swan |
| कोकिल | Cuckoo |
| मेघ | Cloud |
| मालाकार | Gardener |
| तडाग | Pond |
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Practice questions
- What is Anuyokti? Answer: Anuyokti is the indirect expression of criticism of faults or praise of virtues.
- What is the main theme of the chapter 'अन्योक्तयः'? Answer: The chapter presents Anuyoktis that inspire readers to emulate noble qualities using examples from nature.
- Name some of the examples used in the chapter to illustrate Anuyokti. Answer: Examples include swans, cuckoos, clouds, gardeners, ponds, lakes, and chatakas.
- Why are indirect expressions considered effective? Answer: Indirect expressions are considered more impactful and memorable, quickly settling in the intellect.
Frequently asked questions
What does the chapter 'अन्योक्तयः' teach?
It teaches the concept of Anuyokti, using examples from nature to convey indirect messages about virtues and faults.
What is the meaning of 'अन्योक्ति'?
'अन्योक्ति' means expressing something indirectly, often through allegory, to criticize faults or praise virtues.
Which creatures are used as examples in this chapter?
The chapter uses examples like swans, cuckoos, clouds, gardeners, ponds, lakes, and chatakas.
What is the significance of Anuyokti in literature?
Anuyokti is significant because indirect expressions are often more memorable and impactful than direct statements.
What is the main message conveyed by the verses about the swan?
The verses about the swan highlight its unique beauty and grace, contrasting it with the commonness of herons, implying the value of true merit.
What lesson does the chapter offer through the example of the cloud?
The chapter uses the cloud to teach that one should not beg from everyone; true generosity is shown by those who give without expecting return, like a cloud that fills rivers and lakes.
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NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit — Shemushi — Chapter 10 — शेमुषी- द्वितीयो भाग:. Verified by NCERT Help Editorial Team. Reviewed on 29 Jul 2026. Last updated 10 Aug 2026.