Motivation, Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivational & Financial & Non-financial Incentives

1 Mark Questions

1. Give any two examples of employee recognition as a non-financial incentive. (Delhi 2014C)

Ans. Two examples of employee recognition are:

1. Installing awards or certificate for best performance.
2. Displaying on the notice board or in company news letter about the achievement of employee.

1. Give any two characteristics of organisational climate that influence the

behaviour of individuals and act as a non-financial incentive. (All India 2014)

Ans. Characteristics of organisational climate are:

1. Reward orientation
2. Individual autonomy

1. List any two non-financial incentives. (Compartment2014)

Ans. Non-financial incentives include

1. Status
2. Career advancement

1. Why is motivation called a complex process? (Compartment 2014; Delhi 2013)

Ans. Motivation is a complex process as individuals are heterogeneous in their expectations, perceptions and reactions. Different people have to be motivated differently as any one type of motivation cannot have a uniform effect on all the members.

1. What is meant by motivation? (All India 2013)

Ans. Motivation is the process of stimulating people to act voluntarily to accomplish desired goals.

1. Name the term used in management which stimulates people to take up work voluntarily. (HOTS; All India 2011)

Ans. 'Motivation 'stimulates people to take up work voluntarily.

3 Marks Questions

1. Huma is working in a company on a permanent basis. As per the job

agreement, she had to work for 8 hours a day and was free to work overtime. Huma worked overtime, due to which she fell ill and had to take leave from her work. No one showed concern and enquired about her health. She realised that she was fulfilling only some of her needs while some other needs still remained to be fulfilled.

• By quoting the lines from the above para, identify the needs of Huma which she is able to fulfil.
• Also explain two other needs of Huma followed by the above needs, which still remained to be Satisfied.

Ans. (i) 'No one showed concern and enquired about her health', the quoted line depicts that her affliation/belongingness needs are not fulfilled.

1. The two other needs which still remain to be satisfied according to Maslows' Need Hierarchy Theory are:

• Esteem needs These include fulfilment of needs such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention.
• Self-actualisation needs It is the highest level of need in the need hierarchy theory. These needs include growth, self-fulfilment and achievement of goals.

1. Kavya is working in a company on permanent basis. As per the job agreement,

she had to work for 8 hours a day and was free to work overtime. Kavya worked overtime. But even after working for long hours and putting in her best efforts, no recognition was given to her by her boss. Due to overtime, she fell ill and had to take leave from her work. No one showed concern and enquired about her health. She realised that she was fulfilling only some of her needs while some other needs still remained to be fulfilled.

• Identify and explain the needs of Kavya discussed in the above para, by quoting the lines.
• Also explain two other needs of Kavya followed by the above needs, which still remained to be satisfied. (Foreign 2014)

Ans. (i) 'No one showed concern and enquired about her health', the quoted line depicts that her affliation/belongingness needs are not fulfilled.

1. The two other needs which still remain to be satisfied according to Maslows' Need Hierarchy Theory are: