Plant Breeding

1 Mark Questions

1. Write an alternate source of protein for animal and human nutrition. [All India 2014]

Ans. Single cell protein derived from microbes acts

one of the alternate source of protein for animal and human nutrition.

2. What are 'true breeding lines' that are used to study inheritance pattern of traits in plants? [Delhi 2014]

Ans. 'The breeding lines' used to study inheritance pattern of traits in plants are actually the pure homozygous plants for a particular trait, obtained through classical plant breeding, self- hybridisation and selection.

1. Identify the two correct statements from the following
2. Apiculture means apical meristem culture.
3. Spinach is iron enriched.
4. Green revolution has resulted in improved pulse yields.
5. Aphids cannot infest rapeseed mustard. [All India 2014C]

Ans. The two correct statements identified are:

1. Spinach is iron-enriched.
2. Aphids cannot infest rapeseed mustard.

1. Name any two diseases the 'Himgiri' variety of wheat is resistant to. [All India 2013]

Ans. Stripe rust and leaf rust are the two diseases that are resistant to 'Himgiri' variety of wheat.

5. Name the following

• The semi-dwarf variety of wheat, which is high-yielding and disease resistant?

Any one interspecific hybrid mammal. [Delhi 2012]

Ans. (i) Sonalika and Kalyan Sona are the semi-dwarf varieties of wheat that are high-yielding and disease resistant.

1. Mule is an interspecific hybrid mammal.

6. Write the names of the semi-dwarf and high-yielding rice varieties developed in India after 1966. [Delhi 2012]

Ans. Jaya and Ratna are two semi-dwarf and high yielding rice varieties developed in India after 1966.

7. Why is the South Indian sugarcane preferred by agriculturists? [Foreign 2012]

Ans. The South Indian sugarcane has thick stems with high sugar content, that is why it is preferred by agriculturists.

8. State the importance of biofortification. [All India 2011]

Ans. Biofortification improves the nutritional quality of food materials by breeding crops with higher vitamins, minerals or proteins content and is the most practical means to improve public health.

9. Name the organism commercially used for the production of single cell protein. [Delhi 2009]

Ans. Spirulina is used for the production of SCP.

10. How are the two following varieties of sugarcane different from each other?

(i) Saccharum barberi

(ii) Saccharum ofiicinarum [Delhi 2009]

Ans. (i) Saccharum barberi grows in North India. It has poor sugar content and yield. (ii) Saccharum officinarum grows in South India. It has thicker stems, more sugar content and yield.

11. Which of the following is the semi-dwarf wheat that is high-yielding and disease resistant?

Pusa Shubra, Kalyan Sona, Ratna [Foreign 2009]

Ans. Kalyan Sona is a semi-dwarf wheat variety.

12. Which of the foUowing produces single cell proteins? Sonalika,

Spirulina, Saccharomyces. [Foreign 2009]

Ans. Spirulina produces single cell protein.

13. What is the economic value of Spirulina? [All India 2008]

Ans. Spirulina is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, fats and carbohydrates. It is thus employed in the commercial production of single cell protein, so as to provide alternate source of nutrition.