CBSE Class 8 Science Exemplar Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 8 PDF

This resource provides detailed NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Exemplar, Chapter 1, focusing on Crop Production and Management. It covers essential agricultural practices, including the conditions necessary for growing crops like maize, methods of plant propagation using vegetative parts such as ginger rhizomes, and the benefits of organic manure in improving soil health. The solutions also explain the importance of irrigation for seed germination and nutrient absorption, and the tools used by farmers, like the hoe, for weed removal. Understanding these concepts is crucial for students to grasp the fundamentals of agriculture and food production. These solutions are designed to aid students in comprehending the chapter's topics thoroughly, reinforcing their learning, and preparing effectively for their examinations by offering clear explanations and accurate answers to all questions.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 8
SubjectScience Exemplar
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 1

Chapter summary

Chapter 1 of the Class 8 Science Exemplar NCERT Solutions delves into Crop Production and Management. It explains the ideal environmental conditions for cultivating various crops, methods of plant propagation, and the role of fertilizers and manures. The chapter also highlights the significance of irrigation and the tools used for farming operations like weed removal. These solutions offer clear explanations for multiple-choice questions and other exercises, ensuring students understand the core principles of agriculture.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the essential conditions for growing specific crops.
  • Identify methods of plant propagation, including vegetative propagation.
  • Recognize the benefits of organic manure for soil fertility.
  • Explain the importance and necessity of irrigation for crops.
  • Identify farming tools used for different agricultural practices.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Crop Production
  • Crop Management
  • Maize Cultivation
  • Plant Propagation
  • Vegetative Propagation
  • Rhizomes
  • Organic Manure
  • Soil Fertility
  • Irrigation
  • Germination
  • Nutrient Absorption
  • Weed Removal

Important topics

  • Conditions for Crop Growth
  • Methods of Plant Propagation
  • Role of Organic Manure
  • Importance of Irrigation
  • Farming Tools and Techniques

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Questions and Solutions

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which one of the following conditions is not essential to grow maize?

(a) High temperature

(c) Low temperature

(b) Humidity

(d) Rainfall

Solution: The correct answer is (c) Low temperature. Maize is a crop that thrives in warm and tropical climates. The optimal temperature range for its growth is generally between 18°C and 27°C during the day, with slightly cooler temperatures at night. Therefore, a cold climate or low temperature is not essential for growing maize; in fact, it is detrimental.

2. Propagation of ginger is generally done using

(a) seed

(c) root

(b) stem (rhizome)

(d) leaf

Solution: The correct answer is (b) stem (rhizome). Ginger is a plant that reproduces vegetatively. The part used for propagation is a modified underground stem known as a rhizome. This rhizome contains buds from which new shoots and roots can develop, allowing the plant to grow and spread.

3. Which of the following statements is not true for organic manure?

(a) It enhances water holding capacity of soil.

(b) It has a balance of all plant nutrients.

(c) It provides humus to soil.

(d) It improves texture of soil.

Solution: The statement that is not true for organic manure is (b) It has a balance of all plant nutrients. Organic manure, derived from the decomposition of plant and animal waste, significantly improves soil fertility by adding humus, enhancing water retention, and improving soil texture. However, while it provides essential nutrients, it does not necessarily contain all necessary plant nutrients in a perfectly balanced proportion required for optimal plant growth.

Exercise Questions

4. The term used for the process of separation of grains from chaff is

(a) sieving

(c) winnowing

(b) threshing

(d) hand picking

Solution: The term used for the process of separating grains from chaff is (c) winnowing. Winnowing is a method where the lighter chaff is separated from the heavier grains by using wind or a fan. Threshing is the process of separating grains from the straw, and sieving is used to separate particles of different sizes.

5. Read the statements given below.

  1. Seeds require moisture for germination.
  2. Plants can absorb nutrients mostly in dissolved form.
  3. Irrigation protects crops from both frost and hot air currents.
  4. Irrigation improves soil texture.

Choose the combination of statements which indicate the need to irrigate crops.

(a) i and ii

(c) i, ii, iii

(b) i, ii, iii, iv

(d) i and iii

Solution: The correct combination of statements indicating the need to irrigate crops is (a) i and ii. Statement (i) is correct because moisture is essential for seed germination. Statement (ii) is correct as plants absorb nutrients dissolved in water. Statement (iii) is partially correct as irrigation can help mitigate damage from frost and hot winds, but it's not its primary function. Statement (iv) is incorrect; irrigation primarily supplies water and does not significantly improve soil texture.

6. Which of the following tools would a farmer use to remove weeds from the field?

(a) Hoe

(b) Axe

(c) Plough

(d) Cultivator

Solution: A farmer would use a (a) Hoe to remove weeds from the field. A hoe is a hand tool with a long handle and a blade used for loosening soil and removing weeds. An axe is used for cutting wood, while a plough and cultivator are used for tilling the soil before sowing seeds.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing the conditions required for different crops (e.g., temperature for maize).
  • Misidentifying the part of the plant used for vegetative propagation.
  • Overestimating the nutrient balance provided by organic manure.
  • Not understanding the multiple roles of irrigation beyond just watering.

Revision tips

  • Review the specific temperature and climate needs for different crops mentioned.
  • Focus on understanding why certain plant parts are used for propagation.
  • Differentiate between the benefits of organic manure and its limitations.
  • List the reasons why irrigation is essential for crop growth.
  • Memorize the names and functions of common farming tools.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following conditions is NOT essential for the cultivation of maize?

Q2. Ginger is typically propagated using which part of the plant?

Q3. Which statement about organic manure is NOT true?

Q4. The process of separating grains from the chaff is known as:

Q5. Which of the following statements correctly explains the need for irrigation?

Q6. A farmer would use which tool to effectively remove weeds from a field?

Frequently asked questions

What are the essential conditions for growing maize?

Maize requires a warm and tropical climate with high temperatures (ideally between 18°C - 27°C during the day) and adequate rainfall. Low temperatures are not essential for its growth.

How is ginger typically propagated?

Ginger is propagated vegetatively using its stem, which is a modified underground structure called a rhizome.

What are the benefits of using organic manure in farming?

Organic manure enhances the soil's water-holding capacity, improves its texture, and adds humus. It also enriches the soil with nutrients, although it may not provide a perfect balance of all required plant nutrients.

Why is irrigation important for crops?

Irrigation is vital because it provides the necessary moisture for seed germination and helps plants absorb nutrients, which are primarily absorbed in dissolved form. It also offers some protection against extreme temperatures and dry winds.

Which tool is commonly used by farmers to remove weeds?

Farmers commonly use a hoe to remove weeds from the field. It is effective for loosening soil and uprooting unwanted plants.

What is the process of separating grains from chaff called?

The process of separating grains from the lighter chaff is called winnowing.

Important links

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