CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 12: Reproduction in Plants NCERT Solutions
This chapter delves into the fascinating process of reproduction in plants, a fundamental concept in Class 7 Science. The NCERT Solutions for Chapter 12, 'Reproduction in Plants,' provide clear explanations and step-by-step answers to textbook exercises. Students will explore various methods of plant reproduction, including asexual reproduction (vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, and spore formation) and sexual reproduction. The solutions cover key terms like pollination, fertilization, and seed dispersal, offering a comprehensive understanding of how new plants are generated. These solutions are designed to help students grasp the core concepts, clarify doubts, and prepare effectively for their examinations by reinforcing their knowledge of plant life cycles and reproductive strategies.
Quick info
| Board | CBSE |
|---|---|
| Class | Class 7 |
| Subject | Science |
| Session | 2026 |
| Language | English |
| Type | NCERT Solutions |
| Chapter | Chapter 12: Reproduction in Plants |
Chapter summary
Chapter 12 of the Class 7 Science NCERT syllabus focuses on Reproduction in Plants. This chapter explains the different modes of reproduction, distinguishing between asexual and sexual reproduction. It details methods like vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, and spore formation under asexual reproduction. For sexual reproduction, it covers pollination, fertilization, and the subsequent development of seeds and fruits, along with seed dispersal mechanisms. The NCERT Solutions provide clear answers to the exercises, reinforcing these concepts for students.
Learning outcomes
- Understand the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction in plants.
- Identify and describe various methods of asexual reproduction: vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, and spore formation.
- Explain the process of pollination and its importance.
- Define fertilization and its role in seed development.
- Recognize different agents of seed dispersal and their mechanisms.
Topics covered
Paper topics
- Reproduction in Plants
- Asexual Reproduction
- Vegetative Propagation
- Budding
- Fragmentation
- Spore Formation
- Sexual Reproduction
- Pollination
- Fertilisation
- Seed Dispersal
- Agents of Seed Dispersal
- Plant Life Cycle
Important topics
- Methods of Asexual Reproduction
- Pollination and Fertilisation
- Seed Dispersal Mechanisms
- Difference between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
- Examples of Reproduction in Different Organisms
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Questions and Solutions
Question 1
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called______.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called .
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as ______.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as ______.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of ______, ______ and _____.
(a) The production of new individuals from the vegetative parts of a parent plant, such as roots, stems, or leaves, is known as vegetative propagation.
(b) A flower that contains only one type of reproductive organ, either male or female, is referred to as a unisexual flower.
(c) The process where pollen grains move from the anther (the male part) to the stigma (the female part) of a flower, either on the same plant or a different plant of the same species, is called pollination.
(d) The fundamental process in sexual reproduction where the male gamete and the female gamete combine to form a zygote is called fertilisation.
(e) Seeds are spread away from the parent plant through various natural agents. These agents include wind, water, and animals.
Question 2
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction where new individuals are produced from a single parent without the involvement of gametes. The different methods of asexual reproduction are:
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Vegetative Propagation: This method involves the growth of new plants from the vegetative parts of the parent plant, such as roots, stems, or leaves. For example, new potato plants can grow from the 'eyes' on a potato tuber (which are modified stems), and rose plants can be grown from stem cuttings.
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Budding: In this process, a new individual develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. For instance, in Hydra, a bud forms on the parent body, grows, and eventually detaches to become a new independent organism.
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Fragmentation: This method is observed in some simple multicellular organisms. When conditions are favourable, the organism breaks up into two or more fragments. Each fragment then grows into a new individual. Spirogyra, a type of alga, reproduces this way.
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Spore Formation: Many simple plants like mosses and ferns, as well as fungi, reproduce using spores. Spores are tiny, asexual reproductive units enclosed in a hard protective coat that helps them survive unfavourable conditions. When favourable conditions return, these spores germinate and grow into new individuals.
Common mistakes
- Confusing asexual and sexual reproduction methods.
- Not clearly distinguishing between pollination and fertilization.
- Incomplete listing of agents for seed dispersal.
- Misidentifying examples of asexual reproduction methods.
Revision tips
- Create flashcards for key terms like pollination, fertilization, and vegetative propagation.
- Draw diagrams to illustrate processes like budding, fragmentation, and spore formation.
- List examples for each type of asexual reproduction discussed.
- Review the agents of seed dispersal and how they work.
Practice MCQs
Q1. Which of the following is a method of asexual reproduction in plants?
Explanation: Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from vegetative parts like roots, stems, or leaves, without the involvement of gametes.
Q2. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is called:
Explanation: Pollination is the essential first step in sexual reproduction for many plants, involving the movement of pollen from the male part (anther) to the female part (stigma).
Q3. Which organism reproduces through budding as shown in the chapter?
Explanation: Hydra is an example of an organism that reproduces asexually through budding, where a new individual grows as an outgrowth from the parent body.
Q4. Spores are typically found in which group of organisms for reproduction?
Explanation: Fungi, like the one illustrated, reproduce using spores, which are asexual reproductive bodies that can survive unfavorable conditions.
Q5. Which of these is NOT an agent of seed dispersal?
Explanation: Roots are plant organs for anchorage and absorption, not agents for dispersing seeds. Wind, water, and animals are common agents of seed dispersal.
Frequently asked questions
What are the main types of reproduction in plants covered in Class 7 Science?
The main types of reproduction covered are asexual reproduction, which includes vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, and spore formation, and sexual reproduction, involving pollination and fertilization.
What is vegetative propagation?
Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from vegetative parts of the parent plant, such as roots, stems, or leaves.
What is the difference between pollination and fertilisation?
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma, while fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete, which occurs after pollination.
How are seeds dispersed by wind?
Seeds dispersed by wind are usually light and may have wings or hairy structures that help them to be carried away by air currents.
What is spore formation?
Spore formation is a method of asexual reproduction where tiny structures called spores are produced. These spores are covered by a protective coat and can develop into new individuals under favourable conditions, commonly seen in fungi and ferns.
How do these NCERT solutions help in exam preparation?
These solutions provide clear, step-by-step answers to textbook questions, helping students understand concepts, clarify doubts, and practice problem-solving for their exams.
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