CBSE Class 11 Statistics Chapter 2: Collection of Data NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 11 PDF

This chapter, 'Collection of Data,' is a foundational part of the Class 11 Statistics syllabus for CBSE. It delves into the essential processes and considerations involved in gathering statistical information. The NCERT Solutions for this chapter provide clear explanations and practical examples for understanding various data collection methods, including primary and secondary data. Students will learn about different survey techniques, the importance of framing appropriate questions for surveys and questionnaires, and the distinction between different types of data. These solutions are designed to help students grasp the core concepts of data collection, which is crucial for subsequent statistical analysis. By working through these solutions, students can build a strong understanding of how data is collected, enabling them to approach statistical problems with confidence and prepare effectively for their examinations.

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BoardCBSE
ClassClass 11
SubjectStatistics (Economics)
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
Chapter2. Collection of Data

Chapter summary

Chapter 2, 'Collection of Data,' for CBSE Class 11 Statistics focuses on the fundamental principles and methods of gathering statistical information. The NCERT Solutions cover the distinction between primary and secondary data, various methods of data collection like surveys and interviews, and the critical skill of formulating effective questions for questionnaires. It also touches upon the suitability of different methods based on population characteristics and potential biases. This chapter lays the groundwork for understanding statistical analysis by ensuring students comprehend the initial data acquisition process.

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the importance of data collection in statistics.
  • Differentiate between primary and secondary data sources.
  • Learn to frame appropriate multiple-choice and two-way questions for surveys.
  • Identify the suitability of different data collection methods.
  • Recognize potential biases and errors in data collection.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Sources of Data
  • Primary Data
  • Secondary Data
  • Methods of Data Collection
  • Surveys
  • Questionnaires
  • Framing Questions
  • Multiple Choice Questions
  • Two-way Questions
  • Data Bias
  • Sampling Errors
  • Non-sampling Errors

Important topics

  • Primary vs. Secondary Data
  • Methods of Data Collection
  • Framing Effective Questions
  • Suitability of Methods
  • Understanding Errors in Data

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Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Frame at least four appropriate multiple-choice options for each of the following questions:
  1. Which of the following is the most important when you buy a new dress?
  2. How often do you use computers?
  3. Which of the newspaper do you read regularly?
  4. Rise in the price of petrol is justified.
  5. What is the monthly income of your family?
Solution:

The task is to frame appropriate multiple-choice options for the given questions. Here are suitable options:

  1. Question: Which of the following is the most important when you buy a new dress?
    1. Price
    2. Quality and Style
    3. Size
    4. Brand
  2. Question: How often do you use computers?
    1. Every day
    2. 5-6 times a week
    3. 3-4 times a week
    4. Less than 3 times a week
  3. Question: Which of the newspaper do you read regularly?
    1. The Hindu
    2. The Times of India
    3. The Economic Times
    4. Hindustan Times
  4. Question: Rise in the price of petrol is justified.
    1. Because of increase in supply for petrol
    2. Because of abundance of petrol
    3. Because of hike in excise duty on petrol
    4. Because of appreciation of rupee
  5. Question: What is the monthly income of your family?
    1. Less than Rs 30,000
    2. Rs 30,000 to Rs 50,000
    3. Rs 50,000 to Rs 1,00,000
    4. More than Rs 1,00,000

These options provide a range of plausible answers for each question, allowing respondents to select the one that best fits their situation.

Question 2

Frame five two-way questions (with 'Yes' or 'No' as possible answers).
Solution:

Two-way questions are those that can be answered with a simple 'Yes' or 'No'. Here are five examples:

  1. Do you own a car in your family?
  2. Do you find the subject of Economics interesting?
  3. Have you ever traveled outside of your home country?
  4. Have you ever visited the Taj Mahal?
  5. Do you contribute to the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?

These questions are designed to elicit a binary response, making data tabulation straightforward.

Question 3

State whether the following statements are True or False.
  1. There are many sources of data.
  2. Telephone survey is the most suitable method of collecting data, when the population is literate and spread over a large area.
  3. Data collected by investigator is called the secondary data.
  4. There is certain bias involved in the non-random selection of samples.
  5. Non-sampling errors can be minimized by taking large samples.
Solution:
  1. Statement: There are many sources of data. Answer: True. Reason: Data can be collected from numerous sources, broadly categorized into primary sources (like direct interviews, mailed questionnaires) and secondary sources (like published reports, books, and unpublished records). This variety allows researchers to choose the most appropriate source for their needs.
  2. Statement: Telephone survey is the most suitable method of collecting data, when the population is literate and spread over a large area. Answer: False. Reason: While telephone surveys can be efficient for large areas, they are most suitable when the population is reachable by phone and generally literate. However, for a population that is literate and spread over a large area, methods like mailed questionnaires or surveys conducted by enumerators might be more comprehensive, as they don't rely solely on phone access and can include more detailed questions.
  3. Statement: Data collected by investigator is called the secondary data. Answer: False. Reason: Data collected directly by an investigator for their specific purpose is called primary data. Secondary data refers to data that has already been collected by someone else and is being used by the investigator.
  4. Statement: There is certain bias involved in the non-random selection of samples. Answer: True. Reason: Non-random sampling methods, such as convenience sampling or purposive sampling, rely on subjective judgment, which can introduce bias. This means the sample may not accurately represent the entire population, as certain individuals or groups might be more likely to be selected than others.
  5. Statement: Non-sampling errors can be minimized by taking large samples. Answer: False. Reason: Non-sampling errors arise from issues in the research design, data collection process, or data analysis (e.g., measurement errors, response bias). Taking larger samples primarily helps in reducing sampling errors (errors due to randomness of selection). Minimizing non-sampling errors requires careful planning, training of investigators, and robust data processing procedures.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing primary and secondary data.
  • Framing ambiguous or leading questions.
  • Assuming telephone surveys are always suitable.
  • Underestimating the impact of non-sampling errors.

Revision tips

  • Focus on understanding the difference between primary and secondary data.
  • Practice framing various types of questions for different scenarios.
  • Review the pros and cons of each data collection method.
  • Pay attention to the reasons provided for True/False statements.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following is a method of collecting primary data?

Q2. When the population is literate and spread over a large area, which method is generally NOT the most suitable for data collection?

Q3. Data collected by an investigator for their own use from a published source is:

Q4. Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary data?

Q5. Non-sampling errors can be minimized by:

Frequently asked questions

What is the main focus of Chapter 2, 'Collection of Data' in Class 11 Statistics?

This chapter focuses on the fundamental methods and principles of gathering statistical information, including the distinction between primary and secondary data, various survey techniques, and the art of framing appropriate questions.

What is the difference between primary and secondary data?

Primary data is collected for the first time by the investigator for their specific purpose, while secondary data is collected by someone else and is already available for use.

Why is framing good questions important in data collection?

Well-framed questions are crucial for obtaining accurate and relevant information. Poorly worded or ambiguous questions can lead to biased responses and unreliable data.

When is a telephone survey most suitable for data collection?

Telephone surveys are generally suitable when the population is literate, spread over a large geographical area, and when timely responses are needed, provided they have access to telephones.

How can these NCERT Solutions help students prepare for exams?

These solutions provide clear, step-by-step explanations and rewritten answers for each question, helping students understand the concepts thoroughly and practice applying them, which is essential for exam success.

Important links

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