CBSE Class 11 Physical Education: Chapter 7 Test and Measurement in Sports NCERT Solutions

Reviewed by NCERT Help Editorial Team · Updated on 29 Jul 2026

NCERT Solutions PDF Class 11 PDF

CBSE Class 11 Physical Education Chapter 7, 'Test and Measurement in Sports,' introduces students to the vital aspects of evaluating athletic performance and physical fitness. The NCERT Solutions clarify the definitions and purposes of tests and measurements, laying a foundation for understanding sports assessment. Key concepts covered include calculating Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-Hip Ratio, essential tools for assessing body composition and associated health risks. The chapter also explores anthropometric measurements, highlighting their importance in tracking physical development and identifying potential health concerns. Students will learn about somatotypes – Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, and Ectomorphy – and their implications for sports selection. Additionally, the solutions provide clear procedures for measuring arm length and upper arm length. This comprehensive approach ensures students gain a thorough understanding of these scientific principles, crucial for both academic success and practical application in sports.

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Board	CBSE
Class	Class 11
Subject	Physical Education
Session	2026
Language	English
Type	NCERT Solutions
Chapter	Chapter 7: Test and Measurement in Sports

Chapter summary

Chapter 7, 'Test and Measurement in Sports,' focuses on the foundational principles and practical applications of evaluating physical fitness and athletic capabilities. The NCERT Solutions explain the definitions and differences between tests and measurements, introduce key indices like BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio, and discuss the importance of anthropometric measurements. It also covers the classification of body types (somatotypes) and measurement techniques for specific body parts, providing a clear understanding of how these tools are used in sports.

Learning outcomes

Understand the definitions and purposes of tests and measurements in sports.
Learn to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-Hip Ratio.
Recognize the significance of anthropometric measurements for health and development.
Identify and differentiate between the three main somatotypes.
Understand the procedures for measuring arm length and upper arm length.

Topics covered

Paper topics

Definition of Test
Definition of Measurement
Formula for BMI
Calculation of BMI
Definition of Somato Types
Types of Somato Types (Endomorph, Mesomorph, Ectomorph)
Definition of Waist Hip Ratio
Formula for Waist Hip Ratio
Uses of Anthropometric Measurements
Procedure for Measuring Arm Length
Procedure for Measuring Upper Arm Length
Classification of Students for Sports

Important topics

Understanding Tests vs. Measurements
BMI Calculation and Interpretation
Waist-Hip Ratio Calculation and Significance
Characteristics and Sports Suitability of Somatotypes
Anthropometric Measurements and Health Indicators

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Questions and Solutions

Q1. What do you mean by a test?

What do you mean by a test?

Solution: A test is a standardized tool or procedure designed to evaluate the specific qualities, skills, knowledge, capacities, or aptitudes of an individual or a group. It helps in assessing performance, reliability, and overall competence in a given task or area.

Q2. What do you mean by Measurement?

What do you mean by Measurement?

Solution: Measurement is the systematic process of collecting quantitative data and information about an individual's skills, fitness levels, or other attributes. This is achieved by administering tests and employing relevant techniques to obtain objective numerical values.

Q3. Define Test.

Define Test.

Solution: A test is a systematic procedure used to measure knowledge, skills, abilities, or other characteristics of an individual or a group. It serves as a tool for evaluation, allowing for the assessment of an individual's current state or potential in a particular domain.

Q4. Define Measurement.

Define Measurement.

Solution: Measurement is the process of assigning numerical values to the results obtained from administering a test. It quantifies the performance or characteristics being assessed, providing objective data that can be analyzed and compared.

Q5. Write the formula to calculate the B.M.I.

Write the formula to calculate the B.M.I.

Solution: The formula to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) is:

$BMI = \frac{\text{Weight in kg}}{\text{Height in m}^2}$

This formula helps in assessing an individual's weight relative to their height, providing an indicator of body fatness.

Q6. What do you mean by somato types?

What do you mean by somato types?

Solution: Somato types refer to the classification of human body types based on their physical characteristics and physique. These types help in understanding the general body composition and potential athletic suitability of individuals. The three main somatotypes are Endomorph, Mesomorph, and Ectomorph.

Q7. What do you mean by waist hip ratio?

What do you mean by waist hip ratio?

Solution: The waist-hip ratio is a measurement that indicates the distribution of body fat. It is calculated by dividing the circumference of the waist by the circumference of the hips. A higher ratio can be associated with increased health risks.

Q8. Write the formula to calculate the waist hip ratio.

Write the formula to calculate the waist hip ratio.

Solution: The formula to calculate the waist-hip ratio is:

$\text{Waist Hip Ratio} = \frac{\text{Waist Circumference}}{\text{Hip Circumference}}$

This ratio helps in assessing the pattern of fat distribution in the body.

Q.9. State the uses of Anthropometric measurements.

State the uses of Anthropometric measurements.

Solution: Anthropometric measurements, which include height, weight, arm and leg length, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness, are significant indicators of an individual's health and physical development. Their uses include:

Assessing physical growth and development patterns.
Identifying potential health problems or nutritional deficiencies.
Providing baseline data for fitness programs.
Tracking changes in body composition over time.
Classifying individuals for specific sports based on physical attributes.

Q1. Explain the procedure of measuring somatotypes in brief.

Explain the procedure of measuring somatotypes in brief.

Solution: Somatotypes refer to the classification of human body types. The procedure for measuring somatotypes, based on W.H. Sheldon's classification, involves assessing individuals across three primary components:

Endomorphy: Characterized by a rounded physique, short and thick limbs, and a tendency to gain fat easily. Individuals with this type may find high-intensity sports challenging due to their mass.
Mesomorphy: Defined by a balanced body composition, an athletic physique with well-developed muscles, and a rectangular body shape. Mesomorphs typically build muscle quickly and are well-suited for strength and power sports.
Ectomorphy: Characterized by a slim, linear physique with long limbs and a fragile constitution. Ectomorphs often have difficulty gaining weight and are generally suited for endurance and aerobic activities due to their light body frame.

While Sheldon's method is complex, in physical education, these types are often identified through general observation of body shape and composition to guide sports selection.

Q2. Discuss the procedure of measurement of arm length and upper arm length.

Discuss the procedure of measurement of arm length and upper arm length.

Solution: The measurement of arm length and upper arm length requires specific procedures to ensure accuracy:

Procedure for measuring Arm Length:

The subject should stand upright with their arms hanging relaxed by their sides, palms facing forward and fingers extended.
The measurement is taken from the acromion process (the bony tip of the shoulder) to the tip of the middle finger.

Procedure for measuring Upper Arm Length:

The subject stands with their arm extended straight down by their side.
The measurement is taken from the acromion process (the bony prominence at the top of the shoulder) to the olecranon process (the bony tip of the elbow).

These measurements are part of anthropometric assessments used to understand body proportions and composition.

Common mistakes

Confusing the definitions of 'test' and 'measurement'.
Incorrectly applying the formulas for BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio.
Not understanding the practical implications of different somatotypes in sports.
Errors in remembering or executing the procedures for anthropometric measurements.

Revision tips

Clearly differentiate between the terms 'test' and 'measurement' by writing down their definitions.
Practice calculating BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio using the provided formulas with sample data.
Visualize the characteristics of each somatotype (Endomorph, Mesomorph, Ectomorph) and their suitability for different sports.
Review the step-by-step procedures for anthropometric measurements to ensure accuracy.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following is a tool used to evaluate the quality and performance of a task completed by a person?

Q2. What is the primary purpose of measurement in sports?

Q3. The formula for Body Mass Index (BMI) is:

Q4. An individual with a rounded physique, short limbs, and excessive mass is typically classified as:

Q5. Which somatotype is generally slim with elongated limbs and a weak constitution, often suited for aerobic activities?

Q6. The Waist-Hip Ratio is calculated by dividing:

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between a test and a measurement in sports?

A test is a tool used to evaluate skills, knowledge, or performance, while measurement is the process of collecting quantitative data by administering a test.

How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?

BMI is calculated by dividing the weight of a person in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (Weight in kg / Height in m²).

What are the three main somatotypes mentioned in the chapter?

The three main somatotypes are Endomorph (rounded physique), Mesomorph (athletic physique), and Ectomorph (slim physique).

Why are anthropometric measurements important in sports?

Anthropometric measurements like height, weight, and circumference are significant indicators of physical growth, development, and potential health problems, helping in understanding an individual's physical status.

What does the Waist-Hip Ratio indicate?

The Waist-Hip Ratio is a measure of body fat distribution and can indicate health risks associated with abdominal obesity.

How can understanding somatotypes help in sports?

Identifying somatotypes helps physical education teachers and coaches classify students for specific sports and games based on their physical and potential capabilities.

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