CBSE Class 11 Physical Education Chapter 7: Test and Measurement in Sports NCERT Solutions

Reviewed by NCERT Help Editorial Team · Updated on 29 Jul 2026

NCERT Solutions PDF Class 11 PDF

This chapter, 'Test and Measurement in Sports,' for CBSE Class 11 Physical Education, provides essential knowledge for evaluating athletic performance and fitness. The NCERT Solutions cover fundamental concepts like tests, measurements, and anthropometric measurements, including how to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-Hip Ratio. It also delves into somatotypes (Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, Ectomorphy) and their relevance in sports. The solutions offer clear explanations and procedures for various measurements, aiding students in understanding the quantitative aspects of sports assessment. These solutions are designed to help students grasp the core principles and practical applications of testing and measurement, crucial for their exam preparation and overall understanding of sports science.

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Board	CBSE
Class	Class 11
Subject	Physical Education
Session	2026
Language	English
Type	NCERT Solutions
Chapter	Chapter 7

Chapter summary

Chapter 7, 'Test and Measurement in Sports,' focuses on the foundational principles and practical methods used in sports assessment. The NCERT Solutions explain the definitions of tests and measurements, the significance of anthropometric measurements, and formulas for calculating BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio. It also details the classification and measurement procedures for somatotypes (Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, Ectomorphy), highlighting their impact on athletic potential. This chapter equips students with the knowledge to understand and apply these evaluation techniques in sports contexts.

Learning outcomes

Understand the definitions and purposes of tests and measurements in sports.
Learn to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) using the standard formula.
Understand the concept and calculation of Waist-Hip Ratio.
Identify and describe the three main somatotypes: Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, and Ectomorphy.
Recognize the importance of anthropometric measurements in assessing physical growth and health.
Explain the procedures for measuring arm length and upper arm length.

Topics covered

Paper topics

Definition of Test
Definition of Measurement
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Waist-Hip Ratio
Somatotypes
Endomorphy
Mesomorphy
Ectomorphy
Anthropometric Measurements
Arm Length Measurement
Upper Arm Length Measurement
Sports Assessment

Important topics

Definition of Test and Measurement
BMI Calculation
Waist-Hip Ratio Calculation
Somatotype Classification and Characteristics
Procedure for Anthropometric Measurements

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Questions and Solutions

Q1. What do you mean by a test?

What do you mean by a test?

Solution: A test is a standardized tool or procedure designed to evaluate the skill, knowledge, capacity, aptitude, or performance of an individual or a group in a specific area. It helps in assessing the quality and reliability of what has been learned or achieved.

Q2. What do you mean by Measurement?

What do you mean by Measurement?

Solution: Measurement is the process of collecting quantitative data and information about an individual's skills, fitness levels, or physical characteristics. This is achieved by administering specific tests and employing relevant techniques to obtain numerical values.

Q3. Define Test.

Define Test.

Solution: A test is a systematic procedure used to measure a particular attribute, skill, knowledge, capacity, or aptitude of an individual or a group. It serves as a tool for evaluation and comparison.

Q4. Define Measurement.

Define Measurement.

Solution: Measurement is the systematic process of administering a test to an individual or group to obtain objective, quantitative data. This data represents the level of a specific attribute or performance being assessed.

Q5. Write the formula to calculate the B.M.I.

Write the formula to calculate the B.M.I.

Solution: The formula to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) is:

$BMI = \frac{\text{Weight in kg}}{\text{Height in m}^2}$

This formula helps assess an individual's weight relative to their height.

Q6. What do you mean by somato types?

What do you mean by somato types?

Solution: Somatotypes refer to the classification of human body types based on their physical characteristics and physique. According to W.H. Sheldon's classification, there are three primary somatotypes: Endomorph (rounded body), Mesomorph (athletic body), and Ectomorph (slim body).

Q7. What do you mean by waist hip ratio?

What do you mean by waist hip ratio?

Solution: The Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) is a measurement that indicates the distribution of body fat. It is calculated by dividing the circumference of the waist by the circumference of the hips.

Q8. Write the formula to calculate the waist hip ratio.

Write the formula to calculate the waist hip ratio.

Solution: The formula to calculate the Waist-Hip Ratio is:

$Waist Hip Ratio = \frac{\text{Waist Circumference}}{\text{Hip Circumference}}$

This ratio is an important indicator of health risks associated with abdominal obesity.

Q.9. State the uses of Anthropometric measurements.

State the uses of Anthropometric measurements.

Solution: Anthropometric measurements, which include height, weight, arm and leg length, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness, are significant indicators of an individual's health, physical growth, and development. They help in identifying potential health problems and tracking progress over time.

Q1. Explain the procedure of measuring somatotypes in brief.

Explain the procedure of measuring somatotypes in brief.

Solution: Somatotypes describe human body shapes and physiques. W.H. Sheldon classified them into three types: Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, and Ectomorphy. While Sheldon's original method involved complex measurements and ratings, in a practical sports context, teachers often classify students based on observable physical characteristics:

Endomorphy: Individuals with this type tend to have a rounded physique, with shorter limbs and a tendency to store fat easily. Their body mass can hinder agility in sports.
Mesomorphy: Characterized by a balanced body composition and an athletic physique. Mesomorphs gain muscle easily, have a rectangular body shape, and broader shoulders and chest compared to their waist. They are naturally suited for many sports.
Ectomorphy: These individuals are typically slim with long limbs and a light body constitution. They often find it difficult to gain weight but are well-suited for endurance and aerobic activities due to their lean build.

Classification helps in guiding students towards sports that best suit their physical build.

Q2. Discuss the procedure of measurement of arm length and upper arm length.

Discuss the procedure of measurement of arm length and upper arm length.

Solution: The procedure for measuring arm length and upper arm length is as follows: Arm Length Measurement:

The subject should stand upright with their arms hanging relaxed by their sides, fingers extended and pointing downwards.
The measurement is taken from the acromion process (the bony tip of the shoulder) to the tip of the little finger.

Upper Arm Length Measurement:

The subject stands with their arm extended straight down by their side.
The measurement is taken from the acromion process (shoulder tip) to the olecranon process (the bony tip of the elbow).

These measurements are part of anthropometric assessments used to understand body composition and proportions.

Common mistakes

Confusing the definitions of 'test' and 'measurement'.
Incorrectly applying the formula for BMI or Waist-Hip Ratio.
Not understanding the specific characteristics of each somatotype.
Forgetting the exact procedure for anthropometric measurements.

Revision tips

Memorize the definitions of key terms like 'test', 'measurement', and 'somatotype'.
Practice calculating BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio with sample data.
Clearly distinguish between the characteristics of Endomorphy, Mesomorphy, and Ectomorphy.
Review the step-by-step procedures for anthropometric measurements.

Practice MCQs

Q1. What is a tool used to evaluate the quality, performance, and reliability of a task completed by a person?

Q2. Which of the following is NOT one of the three main somatotypes classified by W.H. Sheldon?

Q3. The formula for Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated as:

Q4. Which somatotype is characterized by a slim physique with elongated muscles and limbs, often suited for aerobic activities?

Q5. Measurement in sports primarily involves:

Frequently asked questions

What is the main difference between a test and a measurement in sports?

A test is a tool used to evaluate skills, knowledge, or performance, while measurement is the process of collecting quantitative data about these attributes using tests and techniques.

How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?

BMI is calculated using the formula: Weight in kg divided by the square of Height in meters (kg/m²).

What are the three types of somatotypes?

The three somatotypes are Endomorphy (rounded physique), Mesomorphy (athletic physique), and Ectomorphy (slim physique).

Why are anthropometric measurements important in sports?

Anthropometric measurements like height, weight, and circumference help indicate physical growth, development, and potential health issues, which are significant for understanding an individual's physical status in sports.

What does the Waist-Hip Ratio measure?

The Waist-Hip Ratio measures the circumference of the waist divided by the circumference of the hips, providing an indicator of body fat distribution.

How can these NCERT Solutions help with exam preparation?

These solutions provide clear, rewritten explanations of key concepts, definitions, and formulas from Chapter 7, helping students understand the material thoroughly and revise effectively for their exams.

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