CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7: Control and Coordination NCERT Solutions

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NCERT Solutions PDF Class 10 PDF

This chapter, Control and Coordination, delves into the essential biological processes that allow living organisms to respond to their environment. The NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science, Chapter 7, provide clear explanations and answers to key questions. Students will explore the roles of hormones in plants and animals, understand the structure and function of neurons, and learn about the central role of the brain in processing information and coordinating bodily activities. These solutions break down complex topics into understandable steps, helping students grasp the mechanisms of control and coordination. They are designed to aid in exam preparation by reinforcing concepts and providing practice with typical questions, ensuring a thorough understanding of this vital chapter.

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Quick info

BoardCBSE
ClassClass 10
SubjectScience
Session2026
LanguageEnglish
TypeNCERT Solutions
ChapterChapter 7

Chapter summary

Chapter 7, Control and Coordination, focuses on how organisms manage and respond to internal and external stimuli. The NCERT Solutions cover plant hormones like Cytokinin, the structure and function of neurons including the synapse, and the brain's responsibilities in thinking, heartbeat regulation, and balance. The solutions also explain the role of receptors and the consequences of their malfunction, and detail the structure and function of a neuron.

Learning outcomes

  • Identify plant hormones and their functions.
  • Define and explain the synapse between neurons.
  • Describe the functions of the brain.
  • Explain the role of receptors in sensing stimuli.
  • Understand the structure and function of a neuron.

Topics covered

Paper topics

  • Plant Hormones
  • Animal Hormones
  • Neurons
  • Synapse
  • Nervous System
  • Brain Functions
  • Receptors
  • Stimuli and Response
  • Coordination in Organisms

Important topics

  • Structure and Function of Neurons
  • Role of the Brain in Control and Coordination
  • Functions of Receptors
  • Plant Hormones
  • The Synapse

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Questions and Solutions

Question 1

Which of the following is a plant hormone?
  1. Insulin
  2. Thyroxin
  3. Oestrogen
  4. Cytokinin.
Solution: The correct option is Cytokinin. Cytokinin is a type of plant hormone that plays a crucial role in plant growth and development, particularly in cell division and differentiation. Insulin, Thyroxin, and Oestrogen are hormones found in animals.

Question 2

The gap between two neurons is called a
  1. dendrite.
  2. synapse.
  3. axon.
  4. impulse.
Solution: The gap between two neurons is called a synapse. A synapse is the junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to another. This transmission typically occurs via chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.

Question 3

The brain is responsible for
  1. thinking.
  2. regulating the heart beat.
  3. balancing the body.
  4. all of the above.
Solution: The brain is responsible for all of the above. It is the central organ of the nervous system, controlling complex cognitive functions like thinking, processing sensory information, and also regulating vital involuntary functions such as heartbeat and maintaining posture and balance.

Question 4

What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?
Solution: Receptors are specialized sensory cells or organs located throughout our body that detect specific stimuli from the external or internal environment. Their primary function is to sense these stimuli, such as heat, pain, light, sound, or chemical signals, and convert them into electrical impulses. These impulses are then transmitted via sensory neurons to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) for processing and response.

Problems when receptors do not work properly:

If receptors are damaged or do not function correctly, the body's ability to perceive and respond to stimuli is impaired. For instance, if pain receptors in the skin are not working, a person might not feel the intense heat from a hot object. This lack of sensation could lead to severe burns or other injuries because the protective reflex to withdraw from the harmful stimulus would not be triggered.

Question 5

Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function.
Solution: Neurons, also known as nerve cells, are the fundamental units of the nervous system responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. They are specialized cells that conduct electrical and chemical signals.

The main parts of a neuron include:

  • Cell Body (Soma): Contains the nucleus and other essential organelles. It integrates signals received from dendrites.
  • Dendrites: Branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body.
  • Axon: A long projection that carries electrical impulses (action potentials) away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
  • Nerve Endings: The terminal branches of the axon where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with the next cell at the synapse.

The function of a neuron is to receive, process, and transmit information. Dendrites receive signals, the cell body processes them, and the axon transmits the signal to the next neuron or effector organ. This communication allows for rapid coordination and response to stimuli throughout the body.

(Note: A diagram of a neuron would typically be included here, showing the cell body with nucleus, dendrites extending from it, and a long axon leading to nerve endings. The provided source did not contain a visual diagram, but the description covers the key components.)

Common mistakes

  • Confusing animal hormones with plant hormones.
  • Misunderstanding the specific function of the synapse.
  • Incomplete understanding of the brain's diverse roles.
  • Not fully grasping the implications of non-functional receptors.

Revision tips

  • Memorize the different types of plant hormones and their specific actions.
  • Draw and label the structure of a neuron multiple times to ensure accuracy.
  • Create flashcards for key terms like 'synapse' and 'receptor'.
  • Practice explaining the brain's functions in your own words.

Practice MCQs

Q1. Which of the following is classified as a plant hormone?

Q2. What is the specialized gap between two nerve cells called?

Q3. The human brain is responsible for which of the following functions?

Q4. What is the primary role of receptors in the human body?

Q5. If receptors are not functioning properly, what is a likely consequence?

Frequently asked questions

What are the main functions of the brain covered in this chapter?

This chapter highlights the brain's responsibility for thinking, regulating heartbeat, and maintaining the body's balance.

What happens if the receptors in our body stop working?

If receptors malfunction, our body cannot sense external stimuli like heat or pain properly, which can lead to injuries, such as burns from touching hot objects.

Can you name a plant hormone discussed in these solutions?

Yes, Cytokinin is mentioned as a plant hormone in the solutions.

What is the gap between two neurons called?

The gap between two neurons is called a synapse.

How do these NCERT Solutions help with exam preparation?

These solutions provide clear, rewritten answers to all questions, reinforcing understanding of concepts like neurons, hormones, and brain functions, which are crucial for exams.

Important links

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